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Table 1 <br /> Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL),Threshold Limit Values (TLV), <br /> Short Term Exposure Limits (STEL) and Immediately Dangerous to Life and <br /> Health (IDLH) <br /> CHEMICAL PEL TLV-TWA STEL IDLH <br /> Benzene 1 ppm .5 ppm 2.5 ppm 500 ppm <br /> Toluene 200 ppm 50 ppm - 500 ppm <br /> Ethylbenzene 100 ppm 100 ppm 125 ppm 800 ppm <br /> Xylenes 100 ppm 100 ppm 150 ppm 900 ppm <br /> Dash indicates value not established <br /> PEL is an OSHA regulatory level. <br /> 2 TLV is an ACGIH recommended guideline <br /> 3 STEL is a chemical specific exposure time for usually 15 or 30 minutes during an 8-hour workday <br /> 3.3.2.2 IDLH Concentration <br /> Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health concentrations (IDLH) represent the maximum <br /> concentration from which, in the event of respirator failure, one could not escape without a <br /> respirator and without experiencing permanent damage or death. The reference used for this <br /> information is National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Pocket Guide to Chemical <br /> Hazards. <br /> 3.3.3 Modes of Exposure <br /> The primary constituents of concern are benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene. <br /> Inhalation (breathing) or ingestion (swallowing) of dust may experience health risks, through <br /> direct and indirect contact with contaminated soils. <br /> 3.4 SITE SPECIFIC HAZARDS <br /> The specific hazards present on the site and methods to prevent injury due to these <br /> hazards are described below. <br /> 11 <br />