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all other actual or potential hazards associated with an operation and steps taken to control <br /> exposure. <br /> 3.4.2.6 Chemical <br /> Chemical compounds have specific properties that determine the type and degree of <br /> hazard they represent. Evaluating their potential hazard depends on understanding their <br /> properties and their relationship to the environment. Prior to the use of any chemical onsite, the <br /> chemical's Material Safety Data Sheet will be reviewed to insure safe handling, storage and use. <br /> 3.4.2.7 Inhalation <br /> The most common route of toxic material entry is the respiratory tract. The respiratory <br /> tract is divided into three regions. The upper airway(extends from nose to larynx), lower airway <br /> (trachea, bronchi and bronchial that serve as a conducting airway between the nasopharyngea <br /> region and aveoli), and aveoli (basic functional unit in the lung and the primary location of gas <br /> exchange). Therefore, when controlling occupational hazards, the primary objective is to <br /> prevent atmosphere contamination. This should be accomplished through the use of engineering <br /> controls whenever feasible. When effective engineering controls are not feasible, or while they <br /> are being instituted, appropriate respirators should be used. Because of the unknown toxicity of <br /> the COCs that workers may be exposed to and the potential for soil contamination, it will be <br /> imperative that personnel utilize respiratory protection to minimize airborne hazards whenever <br /> identified by this document or directed by the Site Safety and Health Officer. <br /> 3.4.2.8 Ingestion <br /> Ingestion of toxic materials occurs through hand to mouth activity(i.e. contact with toxic <br /> materials on a person's hands, food, drink, cosmetics, or their cigarettes). Materials ingested <br /> \. pass through the stomach and may be absorbed into the blood stream. After absorption into the <br /> 14 <br />