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3.0 Hazards 3.1 KnownlSuspected Chemical Hazards The primary suspected chemical hazards are fuel fumes and carbon dioxide. Fuel fumes from gasoline tanks can be explosive. Diesel fumes are less volatile, however they may pose an aspiration hazard if they are aerosolized. The evaporation of dry ice (carbon dioxide) displaces oxygen and may pose an asphyxiation hazard. In addition to these chemicals, the workers may be exposed to petroleum fuel exhausts, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including benzene, from the traffic. Over exposure to these compounds can cause headache, dizziness, nausea, and eye,nose and throat irritation. Some of the chemicals of concern have been determined to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Table 1 consists of a list of representative chemicals of concern and their occupational hazard characteristics (PELs, IDLHs, etc.). Appendix A lists the Proposition 65 chemicals of concern which is required by the State of California. Overall Hazard Level: ❑ Serious ® Moderate ❑ Low ❑ Unknown Onsite Monitoring Required :' R1 Yes ❑No 3.2 Monitoring for Chemical Hazards Combustible Gas Indicator(CGI)/4-Gas Meter: During tank closure activities both the air in the breathing space of the workers and at the active face of the tank will be monitored continuously using a combustible gas indicator(CGI)to determine the concentrations of explosive gases relative to the Lower Explosive Level (LEL). After the introduction of dry ice into the tanks, the bottom, middle, and top of the tank should be monitored for LEL and oxygen levels. Photoionization Detector (PID): During closure activities, the breathing zone will be monitored with a PID for non-methane organic vapors concurrently with CGI/4-Gas Meter monitoring to determine if any gases detected are likely to be toxic. A PID is not sensitive to organic carbon levels at lower concentrations than the CGI, thus it should be used to monitored the breathing zone.. CNCD:1SHAREIUS1102-0068,df 3-1