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R10/71-51-IC <br /> removed from the site for disposal This process, as well as its feasibility, is described <br /> in detail in this section <br /> Although excavation and disposal were widely used in the past for removing sods affected <br /> by hydrocarbon compounds, it is generally considered a storage, not a treatment, <br /> process and raises issues of future liability for the responsible parties regarding the <br /> ultimate disposal of the soils <br /> Excavation is, however, a major element for most of the non to situ remedial actions <br /> described in this document and is, therefore, discussed here Excavation and removal <br /> of soils containing hydrocarbons provides the opportunity for rapid and complete site <br /> cleanup However, it raises the issue how to ultimately disposed of the excavated soils <br /> Excavated soils can be treated off site by one of several techniques, such as soil washing <br /> or they can be disposed of in a landfill, thermally treated in a rotating kiln or fluidized bed <br /> incinerator, or bioremediated <br /> 7323 Vapor Extraction System (VES} <br /> Vapor Extraction System (VES) is the process by which volatile compounds are removed <br /> from the in-place soil through the utilization of forced or drawn air currents Depending <br /> lei upon the types of compounds that are present and site conditions, in situ VES can be a <br /> very effective, cost-efficient remedial action VES has been successfully performed at <br /> many sites <br /> VES involves the removal of volatile organic compounds from subsurface soils by <br /> mechanically drawing or venting air through the soil matrix A variation of this process <br /> involves the positive pressure flow of air from a potentially impacted site (e g ,a building <br /> basement) to divert petroleum hydrocarbons flow and therefore mitigate impact <br /> Highly permeable soils i e , sands are very amenable to this method At Shop-10, the <br /> 9 Y P ( ) rY <br /> subsurface soils are clays and silts and may not render themselves easily for treatment <br /> using this method <br /> 7 3 3 Remedial Actions Options for Groundwater <br /> The "No-Action" option was discussed in detail in Section 7 3 1 No source control <br /> options were identified The other options are discussed below <br /> 28 <br />