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• N California Regional Water Quality Control Board . <br /> Central Valley Region <br /> Alan C.Lloyd, Ph.D. Robert Schneider,Chair <br /> Secretary for Arnold <br /> Environmental Fresno Branch office <br /> 1685 S Street,Fresno,California 93706 Schtirarzenegger <br /> Protection <br /> (559)445-5116•Fax(559)445-5910 Governor <br /> http://www.waterbuards.ca.gov/Centralvalley <br /> 2 August 2005 <br /> M. Scott Mansholt <br /> Chevron Environmental Management Company <br /> 6001 Bollinger Canyon Road, K2066 <br /> San Ramon, California 94583-2324 <br /> REVIEW—"DRAFT"—MANAGEMENT OF HEAVY CRUDE OIL IN THE SHALLOW <br /> SUBSURFACE, HISTORICAL PIPELINE PORTFOLIO—BAKERSFIELD TO RICHMOND <br /> We have reviewed the referenced document submitted by Science Applications International <br /> Corporation(SAIC) on behalf of ChevronTexaco. The document was prepared to evaluate and <br /> summarize various remedial options for accelerating product removal at crude oil-impacted sites <br /> included in the Historical Pipeline Portfolio (HPP). <br /> The HPP consists of the historic Standard Oil of California Wait-Mendota-Richmond (Old Valley <br /> Pipeline—OVP) and the Tidewater Associated Oil Company(TAOC)pipelines. The pipelines were <br /> installed in the early 1900's and carried "heavy crude oil", i. e., viscous. So viscous, in fact that each <br /> pipeline required pump stations every 20 to 30 miles to heat (reduce the viscosity) and pump the heavy <br /> crude oil. Generally, pipelines south of Tracy were removed in the 1930's; the OVP northwest of Tracy <br /> was used in the 1940's to transmit fuel oil (Bunker C) from refineries to railroad hubs in Tracy. These <br /> OVP and TAOC pipelines were abandoned in the 1970's. <br /> The purpose of the study presented in the referenced document was to evaluate remediation technologies <br /> specific to heavily weathered crude oil-impacted soil and groundwater in the shallow subsurface- <br /> generally X20 feet. They included: bailing,passive in-well skimming, belt skimmers, vacuum-enhanced <br /> recovery, groundwater drawdown pumping, in-situ flushing with surfactants and co-solvents, in-situ <br /> heating low temperature (<100' Celsius), in-situ heating (>I00, Celsius), short term multi-phase <br /> ,extraction, and pressure pulse technology. Additionally, in conjunction with the possible remedial <br /> alternatives, the evaluation addressed excavation,natural attenuation, and long-term monitoring while <br /> considering land use restrictions. <br /> The viscosity of heavy crude oil is defined by the American Petroleum Institute (API) as an API gravity <br /> of less than 28 (or a specific gravity of approximately 0.89 or higher). Central Valley crude oils <br /> California Environmental Protection Agency <br /> Qa Recycled Paper <br />