|
�ectrum Laboratories Chemical Fact Sheet Cas#71432 http//www speclab coni/compound/c92527
<br /> tk
<br /> with a wind speed of 7 09 ni/sec was 5 23 hrs.,the estimated hal€--life for
<br /> ' atilization of benzene from a-model river one meter deep flowing I msec with a
<br /> Jwind velocity of 3 m./sec is estimated to be 2 7 hrs at 20 deg C It will not be
<br /> expected to significantly adsorb to sediment,bio concentrate in aquatic organisms or
<br /> hydrolyze It may be subject to biodegradation based on a reported biodegradation
<br /> half-life of 16 days in an aerobic river die-away test In a marine ecosystem,
<br /> J biodegradation occurred in 2 days after an acclimation period of 2 days and 2 weeps
<br /> jj Environmental Fate in the summer and spring,respectively,whereas no degradation occurred in winter
<br /> ' AQUATIC FATE Evaporation was the primary loss mechanism in winter in a
<br /> mesocosm experiment which simulated a northern bay where the half-life was 13
<br /> days In spnng and summer the half-lives were 23 and 3 1 days,respectively In
<br /> these cases biodegradation plays a major role and takes about 2 days However,
<br /> ' Iacclanatson is critical and this takes much longer in the colder water in sprung
<br /> C According to one experiment,benzene has a half-life of 17 days dine to
<br /> photegradation which could contribute to benzene's removal In situations of cold
<br /> water,poor nutrients,or other conditions less conducive to microbial,photolysis
<br /> will play a important role in degradation ATMOSPHERIC PATE If benzene is �
<br /> released to the atmosphere, it will exist pi edommantly in the vapor phase
<br /> i IGas-phase benzene will not be subject to duect photolysis but it will ieact with
<br /> ' ( 1photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals with a half-life of 13 4 days calculated
<br /> using an experimental rate constant for the reaction The reaction time in polluted
<br /> atmospheres which contain nitrogen oxides of sulfur dioxide is accelerated with the
<br /> ' ,half-life being reported as 4-6 hours Products of photooxidation mclude phenol,
<br /> [ �nitrophenohs,nitrobenzene, formic acid,and peioxyacetyl nitrate Benzene is fansly i
<br /> (•soluble in water and is removed from the atmosphere m rain
<br /> rDRINKINGVATER 113pudic s�tnplres,1976, 7 sites pos,aVg oT positive sites
<br />' I 1<0 2 ppb 5 USA cities, 1974-5,0-0 3 ppb Contaminated drinking water wells in
<br /> �NY,NJ,CT, 30-300 ppb,highest conch in di inking water from surface sous ce,4 4
<br /> ppb 3 surveys of community water supplies 0 of 111 pos, 7 of 113 pos, mean 4
<br /> ppb,4 of l6 pos(0 95 ppb-max) USA Groundwater Supply Survey(GWS, 1952,
<br /> finished drinking water),466 samples selected at random from 1000 in survey,
<br /> 0 6%pos, 3 ppb median, 15 ppb max Wisconsin druikmg water wells, data
<br /> through Jun 1984, 1174 community wells,0 34%pos, 617 private wells,2 9%
<br /> pos(6) GROUNDWATER Chalk Aquifer(UK),210 mn from petrol storage, I-10
<br /> (ppb,Chalk Aquifer(UK), 120 m from petrol storage,X250 ppb, Chalk Aquifer
<br /> I(UK), 10 in frons petrol storage, 1250 ppb,distances refer to benzene movement in
<br />' groundwater SURFACE WATER 14 heavily industiialrzed with basins,
<br /> 11975-1976,20%samples>1 ppb and between 1 and 7 ppb Lake Eue, 1975-6, 0-1 j
<br /> ppb, 1 of 2 sites positive, Lake Michigan, 1975-6,0-7 ppb,5 of 7 sites positive
<br /> 1700 random sites in US, 1975,5 4 ppb avg US EPA STOREY database, 1,271
<br />' ]samples, 15 0%pos, 5 0 ppb median SEAWATER 5-I5 parts per trillion Gulf of I
<br /> lMexico, 1977,unpolluted areas, 5-175 parts per trillion,Gulf of Mexico, 1977,
<br /> anthropogemc influence RAIN/SNOW Detected in rainwatet in Japan and in.the
<br /> AUK(87 2 ppb)(1,2) Benzene occurs in both ground water and surface public water
<br />' i supplies with higher levels occurring in ground water supplies Based upon Federal
<br /> drinking water surveys,appioximately 13%of all ground water systems are j
<br /> estimated to contain benzene at levels gieater than 0 5 ug/1 The highest level
<br /> reported in the surveys for ground water was 80 ug/1 Approximately 3%of all
<br /> i isurface water system are estimated to be contaminated at levels higher than Q 5 ug/l
<br /> None of the systems are expected to contain levels higher than 5 ug/1 EF'FL
<br /> Wastewater fiorn coal prepmation plants,0 3-48 ppb ,wastewater from plants which
<br /> �man.ufacture or use benzene<1-179 parts per trillion,stack emissions from coking
<br /> plaints (Czechoslovakia), 15-50 ppm ,stick emission estimates from chemical plants #
<br /> I iusmg emissions and worst case modeling at 150 in fiom source, less than of equal to
<br /> Driulung Water Impact �5 ppm Groundwater at 178 CERCLA hazardous waste sites, 112%pos US EFA I
<br /> ' STORET database, 1,474 samples, 16 4%pos,2 50 ppb median Industries in
<br /> which mean or max levels in raw wastewater exceeded I ppin are(number of
<br /> samples,percent pos,mean,max,in ppm) raw wastewater auto and other laundries
<br /> I (20 samples, 70%pos,<1 4 ppm paean,23 ppm max),iron and steal mai ufacturing r
<br /> ((mfg) (9 samples,77 8% pos,<8 0 mean,46 max),alummusn forming(32 samples,
<br />'I nfd nen ni�nn� A „
<br />
|