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E <br />MUM p2m0=1M. <br />and oily sludge are generated at production facilities. Depending on the type of <br />operation, other E&P wastes such as drilling and workover wastes may also be <br />generated at production facilities. <br />A well workover is an intervening procedure performed as general maintenance <br />or to restore production in a failing well. Workovers may be performed to remove <br />unwanted materials that tend to accumulate at the base of production piping, <br />such as salt scale, paraffin, or sand. Examples of workovers include acidizing <br />and foam treatment operations, which are designed to remove scale and paraffin, <br />respectively. A foam treatment operation is a procedure whereby soap is <br />injected into the well to dissolve paraffin deposits that hinder production. Other <br />workovers such as fracturing operations may be performed to create cracks in <br />the producing formation and improve oil flow into the well. Workovers generate <br />workover wastes. <br />For a more extensive list of terms and concepts related to oil production, please <br />see the Glossary of Terms section at the end of this document. <br />IV'77=MllK:U%r,7 777 77711117, =1774VIW� =717 TOTTIT-777TITT-TITST =-7 MA7=4 r 0 <br />that take place to remove co-produced excess water and other unwanted <br />materials. The oil production industry typically divides E&P wastes into three <br />categories: produced water; drilling wastes; and associated wastes. <br />Produced water is formation water that is co-produced with the oil, and it <br />constitutes the E&P wastestrearn generated in the largest amounts. Drilling <br />waste is the second largest volume waste generated by the oil production <br />industry. Because drilling is essentially the same for both oil and natural gas, <br />published data referenced in this report combine the volume of drilling waste <br />generated in California during both types of operations. The third category, <br />associated wastes, consists of lower volume wastes generated in conjunction <br />with oil production. Grouped in this category are the following types of wastes: <br />• Oily sludges; <br />• Workover wastes; <br />• Well completion and well abandonment wastes (such as left over cemenl, <br />and drilling fluid); <br />• Other small volume wastes associated with oil production. <br />M=11 MMMMM I V T of <br />W -M <br />