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Results form in alveolar air (arithmetic mean: 788.19 nmol/m'; <br /> geometric mean: 654.64 nmol/m'; median: 695.02 <br /> Chloroform in environmental air samples collected in nmol/m'). The difference between nonexposed and ex- <br /> the Department of I lygiene appeared below detection posed subjects was highly significant (I — —23.66, p < <br /> limit (8.4 nmol/m'), except in a single instance when it .001). The distribution of chloroform in 163 alveolar air <br /> was 41.9 nmol/m'. Chloroform values in water and en- samples collected after the end of exposure (5th per- <br /> vironmental and alveolar air in each sampling session centile: 202.72 nmol/m'; 95th percentile: 1 806.03 <br /> in the swimming pools are reported in Table 1. Chloro- nmol/m') is shown in Figure 1. No difference was found <br /> form in water ranged from 159 to 787 nmol/l; in envi- between males and females. <br /> ronmental air, it ranged from 410 to 2 345 nmol/m In Figure 2 is shown the correlation between chloro- <br /> The wide range of environmental air Values observed form concentration in environmental air and the mean <br /> among the different sampling sessions probably result- value of this substance in alveolar air samples within <br /> ed from the amount of chloroform in water and from each session (r 0.907, p .002). A weak negative <br /> the number of swimmers in the pool, which were dif- correlation appeared between chloroform in alveolar <br /> ferent in every session. air and age (r — -0.310, p < @ .001). No correlation <br /> Regarding chloroform in alveolar air samples, of the was found between chloroform in alveolar air and <br /> 77 nonexposed subjects, 36 (47%) were free from chlo- water. <br /> roform, whereas 41 (53"/x) showed low levels (arithme- All subjects within each session were considered ex- <br /> tic mean: 100.35 nmol/rn'; geometric mean: 73.13 posed at the same concentration of chloroform in envi- <br /> nmol/m'; median: 75.39 nmol/m'). On the other hand, ronmental air and were classified into three groups <br /> samples collected from people attending indoor swim- (i.e., beginners, competitive swimmers, and nonswim- <br /> ming pools (163 subjects) constantly showed chloro- ming visitors). Analysis of covariance was performed <br /> Table 1.—Mean Levels of Chloroform in Water and Environmental and Alveolar Air Samples <br /> in Indoor Swimming Pools <br /> 1 <br /> Chloroform' in Chloroform in <br /> environmental air alveolar air <br /> 1 <br /> � Sampling Chloroform" in (nmol/m') (nmolhnI) <br /> session water(nmol/1) X Range No. subjects X Range <br /> (; 1 369 410 342- 469 11 227 117- 310 <br /> i 2 176 1449 1 147-1977 19 890 369-1625 <br /> 3 251 2 345 1 675-2 764 20 1 600 871-2614 <br /> 4 276 896 553-1 164 26 1 008 184-1 826 <br /> 5 159 1 156 1 005-1 274 22 689 235-1089 <br /> i 6 209 1 089 871-1 256 25 595 268- 905 <br /> 0 7 787 1357 1 206-1 617 19 734 360-1014 <br /> 1 8 276 519 318- 653 21 328 193- 477 <br /> 'Mean of three samples. <br /> '1 <br /> alveolar air values(nmol/m°) <br /> Frequency — 2000 -- ---- –--' <br /> 1 Y•2.31.0.04X <br /> x•0.907 N•8 <br /> i 15 1500 p"0.002 <br /> 10 1000- <br /> "00- <br /> 0200 <br /> 000500-0200 +oo coo coo +000 rzoo r+oo +coo reoo 2000 saoo a+oo aeoo 0 <br /> Chloroform In alveolar air (nmol/m) 0 Soo 1000 1500 2000 2500 <br /> environmental air values (nmol/ma) <br /> i <br /> rig. 1. Distribution of chloroform values in alveolar air samples col- <br /> lecied from people attending indoor swimming pools after 90 min Fig. 2. Correlation between chloroform concentrations in environ- <br /> of exposure. mental air and alveolar air samples in indoor swimming pools. <br /> 252 Archives of Environmental Health <br />