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4-57 Oxidation f 3 Page 2 of 5 >Internal Combustion Engine Oxidation ,, Organic contaminants in air can be used as fuel and burned in an internal combustion engine. When the concentration of organics is too low, auxiliary fuel is added to enhance the oxidation. > Thermal Oxidation In most cases, the thermal or catalytic oxidation process can be enhanced to reduce auxiliary fuel costs by using an air-to-air heat exchanger to transfer heat from the exhaust gases to the incoming contaminated air. Typically, about 50% of the heat of the exhaust gases is recovered. > UV Oxidation Oxidation of organic contaminants in air can also be achieved by UV oxidation. As described in UV Oxidation of Wastewater(Tech_no_log y_Profile._Section_4.44), UV oxidation is the process by which chemical bonds of the contaminants are broken under the influence of UV light. Products of photo-degradation vary according to the matrix in which the process occurs, but the complete conversion of an organic contaminant to CO2, H2O, etc. is not probable. TO P Synonyms: DSERTS Code: F21 (UV Oxidation) TO P Applicability: The target contaminant groups for oxidation are nonhalogenated VOCs and SVOCs, and fuel hydrocarbons. Both precious metal and base metal catalysts have been developed that are reportedly capable of effectively destroying halogenated (including chlorinated) hydrocarbons. Specific chlorinated hydrocarbons that have been treated include TCE, TCA, methylene chloride, and 1,1-DCA. i TOPA Limitations: The following factors may limit applicability and effectiveness: • If sulfur or halogenated compounds or high particulate loadings are in the emissions stream, the catalyst can be poisonedideactivated and require replacement. • Destruction of halogenated compounds requires special catalysts, special materials or construction, and the addition of a flue gas scrubber to reduce acid gas emissions. • Influent gas concentrations must be < 25% of the lower explosive limit for catalytic and thermal oxidation. • The presence of chlorinated hydrocarbons (see comment above) and some heavy metals (e.g., lead) may poison a particular catalyst. http://www.frtr_gov/matrix2/section4/4-59.html 10/22/2004