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20 October 2011 <br /> AGE-NC Project No. 96-0236 <br /> Page 4 of 7 <br /> Duration (and cost)of enhanced bio-remediation is dependent on the volume of saturated <br /> soil and water to be remediated, the number of injection points/wells, the average <br /> concentrations of contaminants and nutrients, ground water gradient, and the permeability <br /> of soil. Theoretically, the radius of influence of the injection points should increase rapidly <br /> at first, then gradually decline as the affected volume increases and the ORC-advanced <br /> ® media encounters decreasing hydrocarbon concentrations toward the margins of the <br /> hydrocarbon plume. Shorter-chain hydrocarbons are typically consumed first and longer- <br /> chain hydrocarbons later. <br /> ORC is considered to be a moderately favorable remedial alternative for the site. However, <br /> ORC does not appear to be the best available technology based on the following: <br /> • Enhanced bio-remediation is dependent on the natural bio-substrat set, already <br /> active on the site. <br /> • Remediation at sites with similar soil compositions and hydrocarbon-impact <br /> typically takes between 24 and 48 months. <br /> • Adsorbed and dissolved concentrations at the site would generally require an initial <br /> dose of a stronger oxidant to reduce concentrations to levels where ORC can treat <br /> the plumes. <br /> • A large number of borings and several treatments would likely need to be performed <br /> to achieve cleanup goals. <br /> • Additional monitoring costs would be incurred to track the progress of the injections, <br /> driving up the overall cost to complete the project. <br /> 4.0. SELECTION OF REMEDIAL TECHNOLOGY 8t SCOPE OF WORK <br /> Based on the above evaluation of remedial technologies, it is AGE's opinion that the most <br /> applicable technology to remediate residual"drowned", hydrocarbon impact to soil and the <br /> core of the dissolved plume is a form of Fenton's Reagent. Prior to design of a full scale <br /> remedial action plan, AGE is recommending performance of a limited ISCO pilot test <br /> utilizing a solution of 5% hydrogen peroxide and common muriatic acid. Results from the <br /> pilot testwould be used to evaluate the overall performance of the selected technology and <br /> to design a full scale application plan of the proposed media. For the pilot test, AGE <br /> proposes to apply a hydrogen peroxide and acidified solution to the area surrounding the <br /> former under ground storage tank area near well DPE-1 and MW-1 A/B and east near well <br /> DPE-2, to evaluate the response of the ground water to ISCO remediation. The proposed <br /> solution is proposed to be applied to wells DPE-1 and separately to well DPE-2, by gravity <br /> injection techniques. <br /> Advanced GeoRnvironmental,Inc. <br />