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k <br /> obvious hazards of intense heat, open flame; smoke inhalation, and flying objects, but <br /> may also cause the release of toxic chemicals into the environment. Such releases can <br /> threaten both personnel on site and members of the general public living or working. <br /> 1� nearby, against the hazard: have <br /> To protect g qualified personnel field monitor for <br /> explosive atmospheres and flammable vapor."s;. keep all potential ignition sources away <br /> from an explosive or flammable environment; use -non-sparking, explosion-proof <br /> equipment; and follow safe practices when performing any task that might result in the <br /> agitation or release of chemicals. <br /> 5.3 Oxygen Deficiency <br /> The oxygen content of normal air at sea level' is approximately 21 percent by volume. <br /> Physiological effects of oxygen deficiency in. humans are readily apparent when the <br /> oxygen concentration drops below 19.5 percent by volume. Oxygen concentrations <br /> lower than 16 percent by volume can result in nausea and vomiting, brain damage, <br /> unconsciousness, and death. To take into account individual physiological responses and <br /> errors in measurement, concentrations of 19.5 percent oxygen or lower are considered to <br /> be indicative of oxygen deficiency <br /> Oxygen deficiency may result from the displacement of oxygen by another gas, or the <br /> consumption of oxygen by a chemical reaction. Confined spaces or low-lying areas are I <br /> particularly vulnerable to oxygen deficiency and should always be monitored prior to <br /> entry. Qualified field personnel should always monitor oxygen levels and should use <br /> k <br /> atmosphere-supplying respiratory equipment! when oxygen concentrations drop below <br /> 19.5 percent by volume. <br /> 5.4 Biologic Hazards <br /> g � <br /> Wastes from hospitals and research facilities may contain disease-causing organisms that <br /> could infect site personnel. Like chemical hazards, etiologic-aents may be dispersed in <br /> i <br /> the environment via water and wind. Other biologic hazards that may be present at a <br /> hazardous waste site include poisonous plants, insects, animals and indigenous <br /> pathogens. Protective clothing and respiratory equipment can help reduce the chances of <br /> L s k <br /> S:\BF5\ST0CKT0N\HsNobl] lo/75/99 5F6 <br />