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E <br /> b <br /> 4 <br /> Central Valley Native American tribes have been discussed by <br /> i Baumhoff (1963 , 1978) , Beals and Hester (1960) , Heizer and <br /> Elsasser (1980) , Heizer and Whipple (1971) , Kroeber (1925) , Latta <br /> (1949, 1977) , and Spier (1954) . <br /> Description of the Local Environment <br /> The proposed 500-acre gravel extraction area is located near <br /> the intersection of Interstate Highway 5 and Interstate Route 580 <br /> in San Joaquin County, California. Approximately 300 feet above <br /> sea level, the area slopes gradually from west to east (Figure <br /> 2) . For purposes of discussion herein the proposed project area, <br /> is considered to constitute two major segments. These are <br /> transected unequally northwest to southeast by Interstate Route <br /> 580. The larger "northeast area" is located in the south half of <br /> S-6' and the northeast quarter of S-7 (T4S, R6E) ; the "southwest" <br /> segment occupies portions of the southwest quarter of S-7. The <br /> T-- latter portion of the proposed project area has been extensively <br /> { altered by a previous gravel extraction operation and, more <br /> recently, by installation of a gas <br /> pipeline. (The pipeline <br /> corridor was surveyed for surficial evidence of cultural <br /> resources with locally negative results. ) At present the <br /> southwest segment of the proposed project area is used for <br /> pasturing cattle. <br /> The only significant natural vegetation on the proposed <br /> project area is native grass and, in the western portion, <br /> scattered Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii) , willows (Salix <br /> sp. ) , sycamore (Platanus racemosa) , and other riparian flora <br /> along Hospital Creek. At the time of field inspection the native <br /> grass cover was much reduced by very heavy cattle grazing. <br /> i.• Current Land Use and Previous Modifications <br /> As noted in the preceding section of this report, the <br /> proposed project area has been extensively altered from its <br /> natural state. The proposed project area, as noted above, <br /> consists of two portions, the first comprised by an almond <br /> orchard and a contemporary gravel extraction locus, and the <br /> second by a former gravel extraction area, now a livestock <br /> pasture transected by Hospital Creek. Hence, the entire proposed <br /> project area has been extensively altered, at least in respect to <br /> r relatively natural areas in the adjacent Coast Range. There are <br /> several gravel extraction operations in San Joaquin County (Clark <br /> 1955: 60-69) . <br />