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Custom Soil Resource Report <br /> scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the <br /> individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that <br /> they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and <br /> research. <br /> The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components,the <br /> objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that <br /> have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a <br /> unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable <br /> proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components <br /> of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way <br /> diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such <br /> landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the <br /> development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite <br /> investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas, <br /> Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map. <br /> The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of <br /> mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape, <br /> and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the <br /> soil-landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at <br /> specific locations. Once the soil-landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller <br /> number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded. <br /> These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color, <br /> depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for <br /> content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil <br /> typically vary from one point to another across the landscape. <br /> Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of <br /> characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct <br /> measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit <br /> component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other <br /> properties. <br /> While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally <br /> are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists <br /> interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field-observed <br /> characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the <br /> soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through <br /> observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management. <br /> Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new <br /> interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other <br /> sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of <br /> specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management <br /> are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same <br /> kinds of soil. <br /> Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on <br /> such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over <br /> long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example, <br /> soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will <br /> have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict <br /> that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date. <br /> After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the <br /> survey area,they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and <br /> 6 <br />