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4.6 Air Quality <br /> r <br /> levels for 2008 and 2020. These results are largely due to operation of the sand dryer and haul <br /> truck operations, with additional contributions from the on-site equipment(especially the on-site <br /> haul trucks,excavators, and loaders). While several emission-reducing measures are currently <br /> available, the extent to which quantification of these reductions can be conducted at this time is <br /> ` uncertain.7 Emission-reducing measures are not available to reduce NOx emissions to a less-than- <br /> significant level. These operational effects would remain a significant impact after mitigation. <br /> ` Projected decreases in ROG and NO.while comparing 2008 and 2020 are the result of future <br /> decreases in emission factors for project equipment and mobile sources,due to typical <br /> replacement cycles of older equipment,and implementation of the U.S. EPA's HD 2007 program. <br /> Recently proposed emission standards for nonroad diesel engines(e.g., dozers and excavators) <br /> would have benefits in terms of decreasing emissions and are not accounted for in this analysis. <br /> ` However,the compliance schedule for nonroad equipment would have little effect on emissions <br /> from this equipment for projects that commence before 2008. <br /> TABLE 4.6-5A <br /> OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS AT A PRODUCTION LEVEL OF 4 MILLION TONS <br /> (Tons Per Year) <br /> Estimated <br /> .. Project Estimated <br /> Valley Air On-Site Emissions Project <br /> District Processing (Onsite Emissions <br /> Year Pollutant Thresholds Equipment Equipment) (Haul Trucks) Total <br /> 2008 ROG 10 4.25 2.57 4.32 11.1 <br /> NO. 10 67.2 33.9 42.0 143 <br /> PMIo - 360 1.47 1.50 363 <br /> 2020 ROG 10 4.25 3.14 1.51 8.90 <br /> NO. 10 67.2 26.9 9.70 104 <br /> PMia - 360 0.40 0.72 361 <br /> SOURCE: Environmental Science Associates,2004. <br /> r <br /> r <br /> 7 The best estimations of air emission reduction efficiency for combustion sources such as haul trucks and mining <br /> equipment such as loaders and dozers are as follows: <br /> Reduction(Yo) <br /> Pollutant Minimum' Typical' Maximum''' <br /> �. <br /> Particulate Matter 20 50 85 <br /> Carbon Monoxide 20 50 90 <br /> Hydrocarbons 40 50 90 <br /> Nitrogen Oxides 0 5 20 <br /> ' <www.epa.gov/otaq/mtrofiVmtrovedfiedlisthtm>(Caterpillar) <br /> I<www.epa.gov/otaq/retroft/mtrovedfiedlist.htm>(Clean Diesel Technologies,Inc) <br /> 3<www.cleanaimys.com/products.htm#PERMIT>(CleanAir) <br /> '<www.epa.gov/otaq/mtrofrUMtmve6fiedlist.htm,(Lubrizol) <br /> RMC Pacific Vernalis Quarry Mining and Reclamation Project 4.6-23 ESA 1203015 <br /> Draft Environmental Impact Report May 2006 <br /> r <br />