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East Bay MUD - 4 - 10 March 1995 <br /> Memo #2 <br /> G. Accorcing to the RAP, the enzyme/surfactant/amino acid mixture emulsifies the petroleum <br /> hydrocarbons thereby making them more accessible to breakdown by bacteria. However, the <br /> RAP stated that "Once the outer molecular walls of the hydrocarbons are emulsified, the <br /> hydrocarbons are readily accessible to the natural bacteria". <br /> - Faglavi the term buter molecular wag", in mkitim to hydrura7fimm <br /> H. The RAP stated "The bacteria and enzymes attach to the hydrocarbon forming a transition <br /> state complex (emulsification and engulfing of the hydrocarbon by the enzyme bacterial <br /> complex)". <br /> - What is your djvrition of an ennilsion? <br /> - Arm the easy n=acting a; an enndsyier? <br /> - How do bacteria art as an en ulsifier? <br /> - What is an enzyme hurteriai complex? Ekpkd . <br /> - Da the bacteria and enzymes attach to the hyd=wfn n at the same time, do they art <br /> hely, or ane dray able to act both sepmWely and togedw& <br /> I. The RAP states that the enzymes will break down hydrocarbons into alcohol, aldehyde, and <br /> fatty acids and that the fatty acids will help emulsify the hydrocarbons. <br /> - WW the ftay¢rials be acting ai;a sudkct+cnrt? F.VIavL <br /> Expk in haw the throe enzymes listed earlier bmak down hyd ocarirans into c&oharl, <br /> aldehyde, and fatty axials. <br /> J. According to the RAP, addition of the enzymes will make the food source more accessible to <br /> the bacteria and will increase the rate of bioremediation. <br /> What food sounce? <br /> HcnnR <br /> K. Other than addition of enzymes, this procedure is similar to other in-situ bioremediation <br /> systems where nutrients and oxygen are added to the subsurface to promote bacterial growth. <br /> - Are the enzymes necesswy? <br /> L. The RAP explained that during the first 3 to 4 days of the process, the rate of <br /> biotransformation can reach 350 to 400 ppm per day but will slow to 150 to 200 ppm per day. <br /> - EVkdn the process. <br /> - Whin is undergoing t wtsfor na ion? <br /> M. A pla_e count conducted in March 1994, on a ground water sample collected from MW8, <br /> indicated the presence of 930 "coliform forming units per gram of bacteria at the site". <br /> - ' otrfontt fonrurrg writs"is an wrfmnrliar term Do they man Itolony Jbnnbtg urdW-? <br /> EquIdim <br /> - What riadw barwria or pmsent? Phwide genem <br /> W)rich of the naive bacteria will be able to use pehrolewn hydi=w6wis as a f+and c=vw? <br /> Expfinn hmw the plane count relates to hydrararirun constanirg bnctemd <br /> N. The injected mixture contains nitrogen and may increase nitrate concentrations in <br /> groundwater. <br /> How wiU the rt/ft#ection systzm which dues not appear to ham hydra did cwdmt <br /> be able to cmzbvl the movement of riftogen in gnnamd wider? Ern. <br /> O. A bench scale study was conducted to determine how much nitrogen is produced by the <br /> proposed procedure. Two ground water samples were collected; one from the contaminated <br /> MWB and one from an unspecified upgradient and uncontaminated monitoring well. The <br /> sample from MW8 was exposed to the enzyme complex in a bench scale test "and a sample <br /> was collected from the effluent". The samples from the bench scale test and upgradient well <br /> were sent to different laboratories for analysis of nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, and Total Kjeldahl <br />