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(1) aboveground piping (exclusive of flanges,joints, valves, and connections) that are visually inspected for leaks on a daily basis; (2) welded flanges, welded joints, and welded connections that are visually inspected for leaks on a daily basis; (3) sealless or magnetic coupling pumps and seatless valves, that are visually inspected for leaks on a daily basis; and (4) pressurized aboveground piping systems with automatic shut-off devices (e.g., excess flow check valves, flow metering shutdown devices, loss of pressure actuated shut-off devices) that are visually inspected for leaks on a daily basis. (g) The owner or operator may obtain a variance from the requirements of this section for existing above- ground tanks in place, if the Department finds, as a result of a demonstration by the owner or operator, either that alternative design and operating practices, together with location characteristics, will prevent the migration of hazardous waste or hazardous constituents into the ground water or surface water at least as effectively as secondary containment during the active life of the tank system, or that in the event of a release that does migrate to ground water or surface water, no substantial present or potential hazard will be posed to human health or the environment. (1) In deciding whether to grant a variance based on a demonstration of equivalent protection of ground water and surface water, the Department will consider: (A) the nature and quantity of the waste; (B) the proposed alternate design and operation; (C) the hydrogeologic setting of the facility, including the thickness of soils between the tank system and ground water; and (D) all other factors that would influence the quality and mobility of the hazardous constituents and the potential for the constituents to migrate to ground water or surface water. (2) In deciding whether to grant a variance, based on a demonstration of no substantial present or potential hazard, the Department will consider: (A) the potential adverse effects on ground water, surface water, and land quality taking into account: 1. the physical and chemical characteristics of the waste in the tank system, including its potential for migration, 2. the hydrogeological characteristics of the facility and surrounding land, 3. the potential for health risks caused by human exposure to waste constituents, 4. the potential for damage to wildlife, crops, vegetation, and physical structures caused by exposure to waste constituents, and S. the persistence and permanence of the potential adverse effects; (B) the potential adverse effects of a release on ground-water quality, taking into account: 1. the quantity and quality of ground water and the direction of ground-water flow, 2. the proximity and withdrawal rates of water in the area,