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Diesel. Diesel is a mix of hydrocarbons, chiefly of the methane series <br /> having 10 to 16 carbon atoms per molecule. It is a severe skin irritant with <br /> systemic effects by ingestion. It is combustible when exposed to heat or <br /> flame and can react with oxidizing materials. The vapor is also <br /> moderately explosive when exposed to heat or flame. <br /> Ethylbenzene. Ethylbenzene is mildly toxic by inhalation and skin <br /> contact. Inhalation can cause eye, sleep and pulmonary changes. It is an <br /> eye and skin irritant at levels as low as 0.1% (1,000 ppm) of the vapor in <br /> air. At higher concentrations, it is extremely irritating at first, then can <br /> cause dizziness, irritation of the nose and throat, and a sense of <br /> constriction in the chest. The current Cal/OSHA PEL is listed as 100 ppm. <br /> Xylene. Xylene exhibits the general chlorinated hydrocarbon central <br /> nervous system effects and olfactory (smell) changes, eye irritation and <br /> pulmonary changes. It is a severe skin irritant. Irritation can start at 200 <br /> ppm. The current Cal/OSHA PEL is listed as 100 ppm for all three <br /> isomers (ortho, meta, and para). <br /> Physical Hazards <br /> Physical hazards associated with site activities include slips, trips, falls, <br /> contact and crushing type injuries, eye abrasions, contusions, lacerations, <br /> flammability, and heat stress concerns. The potential for such hazards <br /> necessitates the use of gloves, safety shoes or boots, eye goggles or glasses <br /> and hard hats. Additionally, personnel engaged in strenuous physical <br /> labor are to wear sturdy work gloves. <br /> To minimize the potential for slips, trips and falls, site personnel should <br /> wear appropriate footwear with non-slip soles. Tripping hazards, such as <br /> low-level piping and equipment, should be noted and delineated if <br /> necessary, and open holes must be covered. Good housekeeping methods <br /> must be employed to prevent tripping over tools and equipment in <br /> working areas. Care must be exercised in areas with slippery or unstable <br /> walking surfaces, such as loose, wet or muddy ground, to prevent falls. <br /> Climbing on drill rigs or other equipment is not allowed at any time. <br /> Previous experience indicates the noise level during use of heavy earth <br /> moving equipment exceeds the OSHA action level of 85 dBA. Therefore, <br /> all personnel working in the exclusion zone during use of this equipment <br /> shall wear hearing protection in the form of plugs and/or muffs. <br /> 4-3 <br />