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g, <br /> NM <br /> Each sample was analyzed for oil content and moisture content The <br /> oil content values were weighted based upon the calculated volume <br /> of the respective stockpile. The values ranged between 1.3 and <br /> 4.7 percent, with the weighted average being 2.7 percent (Table <br /> 2) . The moisture values ranged from between 3.1 and 10.7 percent. <br /> Two representative samples were selected for grain size <br /> evaluation. The results of these• analyses (Table 3) were then <br /> compared to the desired gradation requirements for road mix <br /> asphalt/sand mixtures and aggregate/sand asphalt concrete <br /> mixtures. Based upon these comparisons, the sands would have to <br /> have been supplemented with imported aggregate in a ratio of <br /> 70:30 (aggregate to sand) in order to meet the desired gradation. <br /> Achieving the desired gradation by supplementing the sands with <br /> aggregate would more than triple the project costs. In an effort <br /> to compensate for the gradation requirements, it was proposed to <br /> improve the stability by blending a more viscous liquid asphalt <br /> with the sand/fuel oil mixture thus eliminating the need for <br /> aggregate. Also the designated pavement use was downgraded to <br /> light duty pavement. The recommended guidelines for light duty <br /> pavement suggest a minimum Hveem stability of 30, but this value <br /> was not considered an absolute for the intended application. <br /> With these criteria in mind, bench-scale testing was performed <br /> using weighted composite samples of the fuel oil contaminated <br /> sands. The samples were mixed with SC-3000 liquid asphalt in <br /> amounts equal to 3.5 percent (by weight) of the mixture, and <br /> increasing the amount of liquid asphalt by 1 percent increments <br /> up to 6.5 percent. The resulting mixture was tested in both a <br /> cured and uncured condition in accordance with Caltrans Test <br /> Methods 304 and 366. As shown in Table 1, and as expected from <br /> the literature, the highest Hveem stability was achieved at the <br /> lower concentrations of liquid asphalt, and stability decreased <br /> rapidly as excess asphalt was added. However, the durability, <br /> flexibility, and workability increased with higher asphalt <br /> content. <br /> In addition to testing the sand/asphalt mixture, samples of fuel <br /> oil were blended with the liquid asphalt and compared with the <br /> specifications for commercial liquid asphalt grades. The SC-3000 <br /> liquid asphalt exhibited a viscosity of 491.0 centistokes, which <br /> is in the mid range for this grade (See Table 1) , When the SC- <br /> 3000 was blended with samples of residual fuel oil in a ratio of <br /> approximately 2:1, the viscosity dropped dramatically, but was <br /> still higher than the specification for SC-70. The open cup flash <br /> point of the blend was higher than the minimum specification for <br /> all of the common liquid asphalt grades, and the total distillate <br /> -- - -- -- <br /> - - -- ------- -concent (i.e.-,-the-amount-of volatile lostat temperatures 680 <br /> degrees Fahrenheit) were lower than the specified maximum. The <br /> f SC-3000/fuel oil blend exceeded the specifications of SC-70 <br /> liquid asphalt grades. <br />