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the special horticultural requirements of interior live oak. Buckeye (Aesculus californicus). Buckeye is a deciduous, palmately lobed relative of the chestnut. Buckeyes are small to moderate,often multi-stemmed trees growing from 30 to 40 feet tall and about the same in spread. Buckeye trees have large burls and can vegetatively reproduce from the burls if the above ground part of the tree is burned, dies or decays. Buckeyes are found on dry sites at slightly higher elevations throughout the Ranch; they are only rarely found within the forest. Buckeye seeds are large, often the size of a tennis ball or larger and mature in one year. Buckeyes have large taproots and appear to grow readily from seed based on pilot studies at the Ranch. The restoration plan will be developed following the steps outlined below: 1. Determine pre-existing species composition, density, and pattern for the species and communities on the landscape. Select a nearby existing, high quality community as a template. 2. During field visits, determine the limiting factors, those which likely constrain natural regeneration, and which may also reduce the success of restoration plantings. These factors include, but aren't limited to: climate, soil and soil moisture, weeds, wildlife and domestic animals, and management practices. 3. Determine the optimal size propagule (seed, cutting, seedling)to meet restoration goals. The rule of thumb is that the smallest size propagule (seed or young seedling) is the best. 4. Determine the appropriate level of protection of the propagule based upon species,pest,rodent, environmental and economic constraints. Additional seeds or seedlings should be planted to allow for mortality and to assure meeting the restoration goal. 5. Determine the appropriate type of planting method based on Buckeye Ranch Resource Plan (November, 1993) 163