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Walker, 1992). <br /> Balough and Walker(1992)outline a number of potential environmental impacts associated <br /> with turfgrass: 1) pollution of surface water during turfgrass installation; 2)contamination <br /> of runoff water and ground water with applied nutrients and pesticides; 3)development of <br /> pesticide-resistant strains of pests; 4) negative impact to beneficial soil and non-target <br /> organisms,plants, and animals; 5) excessive use of water during periods of drought; 6) <br /> loss or degradation of wetland resources. To this list I would add the impact to other <br /> natural resources, such as grasslands and forests. <br /> Pesticide Contamination <br /> The use of synthetic organic pesticides has become commonplace in turfgrass management <br /> over the last 40 years. Maintenance of high quality turf can be undermined by the invasion <br /> of weeds, disease, and insects. In order to sustain high turf quality,managers use a <br /> number of pesticides. <br /> Commonly used herbicides for weed control include atrazine,benefit, bensulide, bentazon, <br /> 2,4-D, DCPA, dicamba,DSMA,endothall, glyphosate,MCPA and others. <br /> Commonly found insects that damage turfgrass include whitegrubs, sod webworms,cinch <br /> bugs, pillbugs, mole crickets, turfgrass weevils, and cutworms. For insect control, <br /> commonly used insecticides include bendiocarb, carbaryl, chloropyrifos,diazinon, and <br /> others. <br /> Turfgrass diseases result from infestations of fungi,viruses, and bacteria. Conditions <br /> which favor turfgrass disease include close mowing, high rates of nutrient application, and <br /> Buckeye Ranch Resource Plan (November, 1993) <br /> 226 <br />