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4. Plant associated native plants: Recent studies have found that beetles are more abundant in <br /> more dense native plant communities with a mature overstory and mixed understory versus a <br /> young overstory and low understory. Therefore, a mix of native plants associated with the <br /> elderberry shrubs at the project site should be planted at a ratio of at least two specimens of all <br /> native tree and shrub species for every five elderberry shrubs. These plantings also must be <br /> monitored with the same survival criteria utilized for the elderberry plants. The saplings and <br /> seedlings, as appropriate, should be from native populations at the project site or from the <br /> immediate project vicinity. The approval by the Service of the native plant donor sites must be <br /> obtained prior to initiation of any of the revegetation work. <br /> Example 1 <br /> Total number of elderberry shrubs on project site: 20 <br /> Associated native plants: interior live oak (Quercus wislizenii),foothill pine (Pinus <br /> sabiniana), and California buckeye (Aesculus californica) <br /> Number of elderberry shrubs with evidence of the valley elderberry longhorn beetles: 12 <br /> Number of stems equal or greater than 1.0 inch: 100 <br /> Compensation: Transplant the 20 elderberry shrubs that will be impacted, plant 500 <br /> elderberry seedlings (ratio 5:1), plant 40 interior live oaks, 40 foothill pines, 40 <br /> California buckeyes <br /> Total area required: 4.41 acres <br /> Example 2 <br /> Total number of elderberry shrubs: 10 <br /> Associated native plants: interior live oak (Quercus wislizenii) <br /> Number of elderberry shrubs with evidence of the Valley elderberry longhorn beetle : 0 <br /> 6 <br />