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(a) Prior to entering the site, the SSO shall calibrate the portable direct -reading <br />air monitoring instruments upwind from the site in an uncontaminated area. <br />(b) The SSO shall then determine background readings for all air monitoring <br />instruments in this same upwind, off-site, uncontaminated area. <br />(c) The SSO shall record the instrument calibration procedures and results and <br />all background readings in the Site Safety logbook. <br />(d) All personnel must enter the site from an upwind position, if possible. <br />Work Zones: <br />1. At the beginning of each work shift the <br />portable direct -reading instruments to <br />vapor contamination is present. <br />SSO shall perform initial air monitoring with <br />identify the area(s) on-site where gas and <br />2. Based on these initial air monitoring readings, the SSO shall establish discrete work <br />zones as follows: <br />(a) Exclusion Zone or "Hot" Zone. The Exclusion or "Hot" Zone shall be defined <br />as follows: <br />1. Wherever portable direct -reading air monitoring instruments register <br />anything above the background readings established upwind and off-site <br />in uncontaminated areas. <br />2. If portable direct -reading air monitoring instruments read background <br />throughout the site, the exclusion zone shall be defined around the <br />area(s) of known or suspected chemical contamination, or where drilling, <br />excavation, soil sampling, or other invasive activity is to be performed. <br />(b) Decontamination Zones. The Decontamination Zones shall be defined as <br />follows: <br />1. The SSO shall establish a decontamination corridor adjacent to, and <br />upwind from identified exclusion zones. The SSO shall set up both, <br />equipment and personnel decontamination areas. <br />(c) Support Zone. The Support Zone shall be defined as follows: <br />1. The SSO shall establish support zones upwind from the decontamination <br />corridor where all portable direct -reading air monitoring instruments read <br />background, at a distance of at least 20 meters from the exclusion zone. <br />2. The support zone shall be established such that support personnel may <br />observe all personnel in the exclusion zone at all times. <br />3. If personnel must enter trenches or other excavations, a "buddy" shall <br />remain near the excavation to maintain visual contact ("line of sight") with <br />the personnel inside the trench or excavation at all times. <br />4. The SSO shall develop and teach all site personnel a system of hand <br />signals that will enable the "buddy" to indicate to support zone personnel <br />that an emergency exists inside the trench or excavation. <br />