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<br />Procedure 1 1 1
<br />Initiation of Isolation Precautions
<br />I. Determine the category of Isolation Precautions needed (refer to type and duration of precautions
<br />chart in this section)
<br />A. Standard Precautions. Use Standard Precautions when giving care for all residents regardless
<br />of diagnosis or presumed infection status. This includes barrier protections for healthcare
<br />workers such as gloves, gowns, masks, and goggles when exposure to blood or body fluids,
<br />secretions and excretions, nonintact skin, or mucus membranes is anticipated.
<br />B. Transmission -Based Precautions. Use the CDC Guidelines for Isolation Precautions to
<br />determine the infective materials, precautions needed, duration of precautions recommended,
<br />etc.
<br />1. Airborne: In addition to Standard Precautions, use Airborne Precautions for residents
<br />known or suspected to be infected with microorganisms transmitted by the airborne route;
<br />organisms that can remain suspended in the air and can be widely dispersed by air currents
<br />within a room or over a long distance, for example, tuberculosis, measles, varicella
<br />(chickenpox), and disseminated herpes zoster (disseminated shingles).
<br />2. Droplet Precautions: In addition to Standard Precautions, use Droplet Precautions for a
<br />resident known or suspected to be infected with microorganisms transmitted by droplets
<br />that can be generated by the resident sneezing, coughing, talking, etc., and drop from the
<br />air. This includes bacterial infections, such as invasive H. influenzae, invasive Neisseria
<br />meningitidis, Mycoplasma pneumonia, Streptococcus infection, and some viral infections,
<br />including adenovirus, influenza, mumps, and rubella. Spatial separation >3 feet and
<br />drawing the curtain between resident beds is especially important in multibed rooms with
<br />infections transmitted by the droplet route.
<br />3. Contact Precautions: In addition to Standard Precautions, use Contact Precautions for
<br />residents known or suspected to be infected with microorganisms that can be easily
<br />transmitted by direct or indirect contact, such as handling environmental surfaces or
<br />resident -care items. In some instances, residents colonized with these organisms may also
<br />require Contact Precautions, for example, when a draining wound cannot be contained,
<br />when a resident exhibits noncompliant behaviors with stool or other body fluids, or when
<br />a resident has very poor personal hygiene, etc. The above includes epidemiologically
<br />important organisms (multidrug -resistant organisms) such as methicillin-resistant
<br />Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin -resistant Enterococcus (VRE), other
<br />highly transmissible infections such as Clostridium difficile and herpes (simplex or
<br />zoster), other transmissible conditions such as impetigo, pediculosis, scabies, and
<br />conditions such as a rash of unknown origin, conjunctivitis, draining wounds, etc.
<br />II. Inform resident and family of the need for Isolation Precautions
<br />A. Reassure resident that care will continue.
<br />B. Explain procedures that they must comply with, precautions for the protection of other
<br />residents, family members, and staff members.
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