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Fil <br />C <br />rl <br />r <br />C <br />r <br />u <br />n <br />u <br />n <br />r <br />C <br />I I <br />0 <br />n <br />0 <br />r <br />®.. <br />Wr W k'9 KLEINFELDER <br />After the precipitation of impurities using lime, the raw sugar juice was passed through a series <br />of filters to further purify it. Sulfur dioxide was used to inhibit discoloration of the sugar. After <br />filtering, the raw sugar juice was sent to the evaporators to thicken it. The thickened juice was <br />then sent through a series of centrifuges to crystallize out the sugar. The syrup left after <br />crystallization is molasses. The sugar was then dried in granulators and stored in the. sugar <br />warehouse or silos, or ground into powdered sugar. According to Mr. Tucker, the sugar <br />produced at the Manteca plant was shipped off site in bulk. <br />The various heating and evaporating processes utilized steam produced by the boilers. The <br />boilers on site were fired using fuel oil and/or natural gas. The heated water was cooled in <br />cooling towers. According to Mr. Tucker, the cooling towers on site have never used hexavalent <br />chromium as a scale inhibitor. <br />Process water generated during the manufacturing process was discharged to the wastewater <br />ponds. The waste stream included boiler blowdown, acidic and caustic wastes, and scrubber <br />wastes. After sediment had settled out of the wastewater, the water was reclaimed for use on the <br />crops grown on site. <br />The manufacturing plant equipment required lubrication in the form of industrial greases. <br />Hydraulic oil was also likely used in the plant equipment. The processing equipment was <br />cleaned using acid or caustic solutions. Solvents were used in the machine shop for parts <br />cleaning. Cutting oils were also commonly used in the machine shops. <br />Maintenance activities at the Spreckels Manteca plant also included the repair of motor vehicles <br />such as cars and farm machinery, and the maintenance of a locomotive operated on site by <br />Spreckels. The locomotive maintenance was not conducted at a specific location but was done <br />on the tracks wherever necessary. <br />The Spreckels Manteca property also contains a large amount of cropland, mostly almond <br />orchards and grain crops. The cropland served two purposes: providing a buffer zone between <br />the factory and the adjacent community.. and providing a means of disposing of clarified <br />wastewater from the plant via irrigation. The sediment which would accumulate in the <br />wastewater ponds was periodically removed and spread on the feedlot. Beet chips, organic <br />material and dirt removed fi-om the beets was also spread on the feedlot where cattle consumed <br />the edible portion. <br />20-3978-03.W36/2019766 Page 7 of 20 <br />© 1999, Kleinfelder, Inc. September 9. 1999 <br />