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WASTE DISCHARGE REQUIREMENTS ORDER NO. R5-2003-0049 -6- FORWARD INC. AND ALLIED WASTE INDUSTRIES FOR OPERATION OF FORWARD CLASS II LANDFILL SAN JOAQUIN COUNTY 23. The landfill is on the floor of the northern San Joaquin Valley. The designated beneficial uses of Littlejohns Creek, as specified in the Basin Plan, are agricultural supply, industrial service and process supply water, contact and non-contact water, recreation,warm fresh water habitat,preservation of rare, threatened and endangered species, and groundwater recharge. 24. The first encountered groundwater is about 60 to 80 feet below the native ground surface. Groundwater elevations range from-20 feet MSL to -30 feet MSL. The groundwater is unconfined. The depth to groundwater fluctuates seasonally as much as 10 feet. 25. Monitoring data indicates background groundwater quality has an electrical conductivity (EC)ranging between 900 and 1100 micromhos/cm, with total dissolved solids (TD S) ranging between 600 and 800 mg/l. 26. The direction of groundwater flow is toward the north-northeast. The average groundwater gradient is approximately 0.0016 foot per foot. The average groundwater velocity is 195 feet per year. 27. The designated beneficial uses of the groundwater, as specified in the Basin Plan, are domestic and municipal supply, agricultural supply, industrial service supply and industrial process supply. GROUNDWATER MONITORING 28. The Forward/Austin Road Landfills combined currently have a total of 32 monitor wells, divided between background, detection and corrective action wells. Additional corrective action wells to monitor performance of revised corrective actions are planned for the future. 29. The Discharger's detection monitoring program for groundwater at the combined Forward/Austin Road facility satisfies the requirements contained in Title 27. 30. Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are often detected in a release from a landfill, and are often the primary waste constituents detected in groundwater beneath solid waste landfills (see Findings No. 35 and 36). Since volatile organic compounds are not naturally occurring and thus have no background value,they are not amenable to the statistical analysis procedures contained in Title 27 for the determination of a release of wastes from a Unit. 31. Sections 20415(e)(8)and(9) of Title 27 provide for the non-statistical evaluation of monitoring data that will provide the best assurance of the earliest possible detection of a release from a Unit in accordance with §20415(b)(1)(B)2.-4. of Title 27. However, Title 27 does not specify a specific method for non-statistical evaluation of monitoring data.