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• Materials Marketing - secondary materials are transported to secondary material brokers or industrial consumers. The materials targeted for recovery, the preparation and processing requirements, method of collection, and materials marketing are all depen- dent upon local conditions such as: • Markets • Population • Investment Capital • Public Support The actual concepts used by existing programs to carry out sourse- separation projects follows: Source -Separation Concepts Source -separation programs employ one or more of the following concepts: • Curbside Collection: Participants place secondary materials in a pre- arranged manner and at a prearranged time for collection. Curbside collection may be multi -material (typically news, glass, mixed metals) or single material (usually news). Advantages: Curbside programs typically enjoy the greatest participa- tion and diversion of materials from landfill disposal. Disadvantages: Because of the collection vehicle and labor require- ments, curbside collection is typically the most expensive approach. Actual cash requirements are dependent upon program design, accounting, and participation. Because of the larger volumes, materials processing such as baling and ferrous metal separation is appropriate. This requires a greater capital commitment but also yields higher market prices for materials. • Buy -Back Centers: As the name implies buy-back centers purchase from the recycling patrons secondary materials. The centers typically pur- chase only the higher valued materials such as aluminum cans, newsprint, and high grade fibers. Other materials such as glass, bi-metal cans, and waste oil may be accepted as donations. Advantages: Buy-back centers target materials such as aluminum which yield a high market value per pound.. The centers purchase small quanti- ties of materials from individual recycling patrons and make a profit by marketing bulk shipments of upgraded materials. i