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Buy-back centers are typically the most capable of financial self- sufficiency due to the limited range of materials purchased and their ability to regulate volume by pricing. Disadvantage: Buy-back centers require up front cash to exchange for inventory which requires anywhere from 10 to 60 days to provide a return depending on conditions of payment provided by markets. The recycling center must have certain site improvements such as secur- ity fencing, electricity (usually 220 or 440), and cashier's booth to ensure efficient operation: Additionally, equipment such as platform and/or hanging scales, can separators, bins or vans, loader blowers, etc., are necessary to handle significant volumes of materials. • Donation Centers: Donation centers accept materials solely on a dona- tion basis and are typically modest volume programs with minimal mate- rials processing. They can be single or multi -material and may be manned or unmanned centers located at the landfill, transfer station, or within the community itself. Advantage: Donation centers can be established with minimal initial investment and are appropriate for small communities which cannot justify heavy capital investments because of the limited volume of materials available. Labor is often volunteer and center requires minimal improvements. Disadvantage: Donation centers typically recover a very small percent- age of the secondary materials available in the waste stream. Unmanned centers often develop problems with trash being dumped into .recycle bins and high contamination levels. Management of such programs often times bounces from one individual or group to another with all the attendant problems. Ability of Source -Separation to Divert Materials from Landfill Disposal_ To evaluate the ability of source -separation to divert materials from landfill disposal, we will assume that targeted items for recovery from mixed residential refuse will be as follows: Newsprint 8 percent Aluminum Cans 1 percent Ferrous 7 percent Glass percent Total 25 percent Source: San Joaquin SWMP, June 1979. P-?