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8 <br /> SECTION XXXX <br /> GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINER <br /> GENERAL Scope - This specification details the technical requirements for the supply and <br /> installation of a needlepunched Geosynthetic Clay Liner(GCL). The material(s) <br /> furnished and installation performed shall be in strict accordance with these <br /> requirements and the contract drawings. <br /> 1.1. Definitions - For the purposes of this specification the following definitions shall <br /> apply: <br /> 1.1.1. Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) - A factory manufactured hydraulic barrier <br /> consisting of granular sodium bentonite clay, sandwiched between, supported <br /> and encapsulated by two geotextiles, held together by needlepunching. <br /> 1.1.2. Geotextile - A semi-permeable woven or nonwoven fabric used to contain the <br /> bentonite used in a GCL. <br /> 1.1.3. Sodium Bentonite - The high swelling clay component of GCLs consisting <br /> primarily of the mineral Montmorillonite. <br /> 1.1.4. Needlepunching - A GCL manufacturing process whereby boards of barbed <br /> needles incorporate the staple fibers from a nonwoven geotextile, through a <br /> sodium bentonite clay layer, into the matrix of a second geotextile layer. <br /> 1.1.5. Thermal Locking - A needlepunching enhancement process utilizing heat to <br /> bond the needlepunched fibers and more permanently lock them into the <br /> second geotextile to increase the internal shear strength characteristics. <br /> 1.1.6. Minimum Average Roll Value (MARV) - The minimum average value of the <br /> material in a particular lot calculated as the mean of the tested values minus <br /> two standard deviations providing a 95% confidence level. <br /> 1.2. References - The following test methods shall be incorporated into this specification in <br /> their entirety, subject to the indicated test modifications: <br /> - ASTM D 4632, "Standard Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of <br /> Geotextiles" <br /> - ASTM D 4643, "Determination of Water(Moisture) Content of Soil by the <br /> Microwave Oven Method" <br /> -ASTM D 5084, "Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydraulic Conductivity <br /> of Saturated Porous Materials Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter" <br /> -ASTM D 5261, "Standard Test Method for Measuring Mass Per Unit Area of <br /> Geotextiles" <br /> -ASTM D 5321, "Determining the Coefficient of Soil and Geosynthetic or <br /> Geosynthetic and Geosynthetic Friction by the Direct Shear Method" <br /> - ASTM D 5887, "Measurement of Index Flux Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay <br /> Liner Specimens Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter" <br /> - ASTM D 5888, "Standard Guide for Storage and Handling of Geosynthetic Clay <br /> Liners" <br /> -ASTM D 5889, "Standard Practice for Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay Liners" <br /> Bentofix Drop-In Specification Bentofix is a registered trademark of NAUE GmbH&Co.KG <br /> 2 RI/13/06 <br />