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0 <br /> Vehicle traffic , industrial processes, and other urban activity <br /> will result in incremental increases in air pollutant emissions <br /> in the Manteca area. The incremental ambient air quality impacts <br /> of such emission increases cannot be reliably estimated for <br /> regional pollutants such as ozone (the major component of <br /> photochemical smog) . It is , however, practical to estimate the <br /> incremental change in carbon monoxide concentrations associated <br /> with traffic from urban development. . <br /> The carbon monoxide concentrations associated with traffic from <br /> existing and projected development in Manteca have been estimated <br /> using the CALINE3 dispersion model and EMFAC7C vehicle emission <br /> rate data from the California Air Resources Board. Carbon <br /> monoxide emissions from existing and projected peak-hour traffic <br /> were modeled for major roadways in the Manteca area. Expected <br /> ambient concentrations were estimated for 48 locations generally <br /> located 100 feet from roadway centerlines at major intersections. <br /> The state carbon monoxide standard for a 1-hour averaging time is <br /> 20 ppm (parts per million) . The federal 1-hour carbon monoxide <br /> standard is 35 ppm. No violations of the state or federal 1-hour <br /> carbon monoxide standard are expected in Manteca under either <br /> existing or future traffic conditions. <br /> Both the state and federal governments have adopted carbon <br /> monoxide air quality standards of 9 ppm for an 8-hour averaging <br /> time. Monitoring data from urban locations throughout California <br /> indicate that the maximum 8-hour carbon monoxide level at any <br /> particular monitoring station is usually about 65 percent of the <br /> peak 1-hour value. As with the 1-hour standard, no existing or <br /> future carbon monoxide problems are anticipated. <br /> The sizing of the proposed project does not conform to the <br /> currently-approved Air Quality Plan for the San Joaquin Valley <br /> Air Basin. The City will be required, through a grant condition, <br /> to implement mitigation measures identified in an updated Air <br /> Quality Plan. <br /> 2. Agricultural Land: The sewer plant expansion may result in <br /> conversion of prime farmland to urban uses. The loss of prime <br /> soils can be partially mitigated by implementing a policy of <br /> phased development. By ensuring contiguous development away from <br /> such soils as long as practicable, the city can postpone the <br /> conversion of these valuable agricultural soils. However , since <br /> full buildout would ultimately convert these areas , the impact <br /> would eventually be significant. <br /> Sewer plant expansion facilitates conversion of land currently in <br /> agricultural use to urban uses. Approximately 1 ,311 acres are <br /> expected to be ultimately converted by this expansion. The total <br /> loss of agricultural land around Manteca is a relatively small <br /> portion of the total agricultural land in San Joaquin County <br /> (i .e. , less than one percent) . However, the loss resulting from <br /> the urbanization of the Manteca area contributes cumulatively to <br /> the overall significant loss of farmland in the county. <br /> 11 <br />