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sb congestion in lungs, and bronchopneumonia. Cadmium is a poison that is accumulated in the liver and kidneys. Thus chronic poisoning leads to liver and kidney damage. Cigarette smoking and calcium-deficient and diet enhance its toxicity. The absorption of this metal through the gastrointestinal tract is low. 4- The OSHA PEL for cadmium is listed as .005 mg/m'. The Cal/OSHA PEL for cadmium is listed as .005 mg/m'. The TLV for cadmium is listed as .001 mg/m3. Chromium Chromium is a greenish-blue, odorless solid. It is commonly found in the manufacture of its alloys, such as chrome-steel or chrome-nickel-steel. It is also used for chromeplating of other metals, for tanning leather, and in catalysts. The toxicity of chromium alloys and compounds varies significantly. Chromium metal does not exhibit toxicity. Divalent and trivalent compounds of chromium have a low order of toxicity. Exposure to the dusts of chromite or ferrochrome alloys may cause lung diseases, including pneumoconiosis and pulmonary fibrosis. Among all chromium compounds, only the hexavalent salts are a prime health hazard. Occupational exposure to these compounds can produce skin ulceration, dermatitis, perforation of the nasal septa, and kidney damage. The examples of hexavalent salts are the chromates and dichromates of sodium, potassium and other metals. The water-soluble hexavalent chromium salts are absorbed into the bloodstream through inhalation. Chromic acid and its salts have a corrosive action on the skin and mucous membranes. The lesions are confined to the exposed parts, affecting chiefly the skin of the hands and forearms and the mucous membranes of the nasal septum. Chromate salts are human and experimental carcinogens of the lungs, nasal cavity, and Para nasal sinus, and are also experimental carcinogens of the stomach and larynx. Hexavalent compounds are more toxic than trivalent. Exposure to chromium has been associated with lung changes in workers exposed to chromium alloys. Chromium dust exposure may cause minor lung changes. The OSHA PEL is listed as 0.1 mg/m' for chromic acid (Cr[VI)), 0.5 mg/m' for Cr(III) compounds, and 1.0 mg/m' for chromium as a metal. The Cal/OSHA PEL is listed as 0.01 mg/m' for insoluble Cr(VI) compounds, and 0.5 mg/m' for other forms. 1 The TLV is listed as 0.01 mg/m' for insoluble Cr(VI) compounds, 0.05 mg/m' for soluble compounds, and 0.5 mg/m' for other forms. WARNING: Chromium is known to the State of California to cause cancer. sb Environmental Services.LLC O October,2003 California Integrated Waste Management Board Site Specific Health and Safety Plan Page 12 of 62 Tracy Tire Fire Remediation Project