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ORC's Time-Release Feature: How It Works ORC is a proprietary formulation of magnesium peroxide intercalated with food-grade phosphate. This gives it the time-release properties that are critical in a passive,low-cost oxygen application system.'Me term`intercalation"is a term used here to describe the permeation of phosphates into the crystalline structure of magnesium peroxide. This inhibits transmission of water into the structure, whist creates the extended oxygen release. The concentration and manner in which the phosphate is reacted and permeated within the crystal is critical in creating a product that is well suited to the needs of subsurface bioremediation. Phosphate intercalation also prevents `oxygen lock-up". As water reacts with un-intercalated magnesium peroxide, a cement-Eke coating of magnesium hydroxide forms, which prevents water from penetrating deeper into the crystal to release all of the available oxygen. ORC's phosphate intercalation keeps the crystal "open"and prevents this problem. ORC Applications ORC is manufactured as a powder that when mixed with water forms a slurry for injection via direct-push equipment (Photo A);or the slurry may be used to backfill augered bore holes. ORC powder is available in"filter socks";a string of ORC socks is lowered into a well through the length of the contaminated saturated zone where contact with ground- water releases the oxygen (Photo B). When depleted, the socks are replaced with new socks as necessary. ORC applications are easy, flexible, and may be designed to meet ate- i y -4 ry variety of remediation objectives AM Y .. l .& • ! 1 I. Source Treatment: S,..,Tank f 5 $l Tr{ { t ORC slurry may be applied by injection t in and around the con- � ..� x L •_ V: taminant source area to collapse the plume by remediating its source. l _ { x 2. Oxygen Barrier: ORC applications can be configured ............tame .. m RE k to form a permeable`oxygen barrier" n,°ro A , W 3 . to control the leading edge of a migrating xg, plume and to avoid potential downgndient risk and liability. 3. Excavated Tank Treatment: 4. Localized Plume Remediation: (not shown) ORC may be applied across the floor of an excavation Isolated areas of residual contamination can often to eliminate over-excavation in pursuit of residual cont- prevent site closure.ORC provides a low-cost, aminants and to create a zone of remedial activity passive system to significantly accelerate natural which can manage new contaminant influx attenuation and achieve cost-efrective site closure. e oPI u,I,i.,Id",d..rk°f Kej,E pn,vin,Inc