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Federal Register J Vol, 45, No. 212 / Thursday, ,October 30, 1980'/ Rules and Regulations 72039 "
<br /> wastes(§261.23(a)(5)),and that these The chromium-containing waste capable of causing substantial harm if
<br /> sludges will be subject to the revised streams we have listed in interim final mismanaged. -
<br /> characteristic when promulgated. form or have proposed for listing are 27,1980'ct
<br /> Dated:Oober
<br /> EPA is.also investigating the generated in the manufacture of Douglas O ober,
<br /> possibility that these tannery wastes inorganic pigments(EPA Hazardous r
<br /> may be hazardous for reasons other Waste Nos.K002-008),in petroleum Administrator.
<br /> than those for which they were listed refining(EPA Hazardous Waste Nos. Title 40 CFR,Part 261 is amended by
<br /> originally.A possible source of waste K048-051),in the manufacture of iron deleting from the lists of hazardous
<br /> contamination is use of hexavalent and steel(EPA Hazarous Waste Nos. 'Wastes contained in§261.32 the
<br /> chromium-containing chrome pigments, K061-063) ,in secondary lead smelting following waste streams:
<br /> and of benzidine and benzidine (EPA Hazardous Waste No.I<069),in §251.32 [Amended]
<br /> congener dyes in the finishing.process. electroplating(EPA Hazardous Waste K053—Chrome[blue)trimmingss generated by
<br /> For example,dyes derived from the No.F006),and in ink formulation(EPA the following subcategories the leather
<br /> chemicals benzidine,3,3- Hazardous Waste No.K086)..The tanning and finishing industry:hair pulp/
<br /> dimethylbenzidine,and 3,3'- chrome pigment process wastes are chrome tan/retan/wet finish;hair.save/
<br /> dimethoxybenzidine comprise believed to contain hexavalent chrome tan/retan/wet finish;retan/wet
<br /> approximately one fourth of the 3.1-kkg chromium because the production finish;no beamhouse;through-the-blue;
<br /> of dyes used by the tanning industry process requires the use of chromates, and shearling.
<br /> (MRI,1979,"A Preliminary Materials which are necessarily hexavalent K054--Chrome(blue)shavings generated by
<br /> Balance for Dyes and Pigments from. chromium-containin compounds, -the following.subcategories of the leather
<br /> Benzidine and Three Benzidine g P tanning and finishing industry:hair pulp/
<br /> Electroplating industry wastes likewise chrome tan/retari/wet finish;hair save/
<br /> Derivatives."EPA Contract No.68-01- derive from processes using chromates, chrome tan/retan/wet finish;retan/wet
<br /> 3896,Draft Final Report,August.31, and so also are expected to contain finish;no bearnhouse;through-the-blue;
<br /> 1979),and may be present in these. hexavalent chromium.Chromate(Cr and shearling.
<br /> wastes.We are concerned about the K055 Buffm dust generated b
<br /> (VI))pigments are constituents of the ' g g Y the
<br /> potential carcinogenicity of the°dyes listed ink formulations,so that process following subcategories of the leather .
<br /> themselves,and about the possible wastes also should contain hexavalent . tanning and finishing industry:hair pulp/
<br /> reduction of the dyes in the waste chromium. chrome.tan/ratan/wet finish;hair save/
<br /> streams by heat,light,and chemical chrome tan/retan/ et finish;retan/wet
<br /> w
<br /> reducing agents,or their nnetabolism in -The various listed petroleum ruining finish;no beamhouse;through-the-blue.
<br /> vivo to the carcinogenic parent n Wastes likewise use., in this Ko56-Sewer screenings-generated by the
<br /> com ds benzidine,3,3'- case as corrosion inhibitors in cooling following subcategories of the leather-
<br /> Pountowers.The listed wastes from this tanning and finishing industry:hair pulp/
<br /> dimethylbenzidine and 3,3'- industry are all derived from coolie chrome tan/retan/wet finish;hair save/
<br /> dimethoxybenzidine.In addition,certain tower wastewater streams,and thus are chrome tan/retari/wet:finish;ratan/wet
<br /> biocides'(notably phenolic derivatives) .. finish;no beamhouse;through-the-blue; "
<br /> expected'to contain hexavalent and shearlin
<br /> are used in the tanning process,and g•
<br /> Chromium. K057=Wastewater treatmie`rit sludge
<br /> may contaminate process wastes.The
<br /> Agency solicits information as to these The iron and steel industry and generated by the following subcategories of
<br /> practices,as to concentrations of these secondary lead,industries generate the leather tanning 'and finishing industry:
<br /> chromium-containing emission control hair pulp/chrome tan/retan/wet finish;hair
<br /> materials and their breakdown products g save/chrome#an/reran/wet finish;ratan
<br /> in process wastes,and as to whether the dusts.and sludges.These production /
<br /> P wet finish;no beamhouse;through-the-blue;
<br /> wastes thereby should be considered to processes involve oxidative processes and shearling.
<br /> be hazardous. occurring at elevated temperatures, K058—Wastewater treatment sludges
<br /> conditions known to cause oxidation of generated by the following.subcategories of
<br /> II.Retention of Chromium as a Waste chromium(ill)to chromium(VI).Spent the leather tanning and finishing industry:
<br /> Constituent of Condern in Other` pickle liquor;another listed waste from hair pulp/chrome tan/retan/wet finish;hair
<br /> Hazardous Waste Listings the steel industry,likewise is generated save/chrome tan/retari/wet finish;and
<br /> Certain of the other May 18 and July in oxidizing conditions(the pickling through-the-blue.
<br /> 16 interim final and proposed waste operation itself),and so will contain K059—Wastewater treatment sludges
<br /> listings are of wastes containing chrome(VI). generated by the following subcategory.of
<br /> the leather tanning and finishing industry:
<br /> chromium as a waste constituent of We aware that treatment of hair save/non-chrome tan/retan/wet.
<br /> concern.(See 45 FR 33123-124,33137; chromium-containing wastewaters most finish.
<br /> and 45 FR 47833-834,47836).'We have often consists of the reduction of K074•—Wastewater treatment sludges from
<br /> reevaluated these listings to determine if hexavalent chromium to the trivalent the production of TiOx pigment using
<br /> the wastes should continue to.be listed state and the subsequentprecipitation of chromium-bearing ores by the chloride
<br /> due to,the presence of chromium. It is chromium(111)hydroxide.If the. - process.
<br /> our conclusion that all of these reduction is not carried out to [FR Doc.ao-sass riled 1oL29-ao e:45 em].
<br /> chromium-bearing waste streams should° completion,however,the hexavalent BILLING cooE 6566-'30-M
<br /> continue to be listed as hazardous due chromium may be entrained in the -
<br /> to chromium content because all derive chromium(III)hydroxideprecipitate. 40 CFR Part 265
<br /> from processes which use or produce a Further,in light of the large
<br /> waste stream which contains concentrations of chromium present in- [SW FPL 1623-71
<br /> hexavalent chromium.The basis for,our these wastewater streams,and the very Interim Status Standards for Owners
<br /> conclusion is set out below. small concentrations of the carcinogen and Operators of Hazardous Waite
<br /> hexavalent chromium needed to make a
<br /> °This discussion does not apply to chromium-. treatment'sludge'hazardous,we do not Treatment,Storage,and Disposal
<br /> containing waste streams for which the,comment Facilities
<br /> period has been extended.Industrial painting' believe that the CI1TOmiunl in these -
<br /> wastes,paint manufacturing wastes,and wastes wastewater.streams will be fully AGENCY-Environmental.Protection
<br /> from ferroalloys production are in this category. reduced,so that these wastes remain Agency(EPA):•
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