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Section 4 First Aid Measures (Continue)
<br />Chronic Effects by components (Continues
<br />• Chromium: The health hazards associated with exposure to chromium are dependent upon its oxidation state. The metal form (chromium as it
<br />exists in this product) is of very low toxicity. However, the hexavalent form is very toxic, repeated or prolonged exposure to hexavalent chromium
<br />compounds may cause respiratory irritation, nosebleed, ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum. Industrial exposure to certain forms of
<br />hexavalent chromium has been related to an increased incidence of cancer. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) Fourth Annual report on
<br />Carcinogens cites "certain Chromium compounds" as human carcinogens. American Conference of Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has reviewed
<br />the toxicity data and concluded that chromium metal is not classifiable as a human carcinogen. Hexavalent chromium may cause genetic defects
<br />and is suspected of damaging the unborn child. Developmental toxicity in the mouse, suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child.
<br />• Nickel: Exposure to nickel dusts and fumes can cause sensitization dermatitis, respiratory, irritation, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, edema, and may
<br />cause nasal or lung cancer in humans. Causes damage to lungs through prolonged or repeated inhalation exposure. IARC lists nickel and certain
<br />nickel compounds as Group 213 carcinogens (sufficient animal data). ACGIH lists insoluble nickel compounds as confirmed human carcinogens.
<br />Suspected of damaging the unborn child.
<br />• Manganese: Chronic exposure to high concentrations of manganese fumes and dusts may adversely affect the central nervous system with
<br />symptoms including languor, sleepiness, weakness, emotional disturbances, spastic gait, mask -like facial expression and paralysis. Animal studies
<br />indicate that manganese exposure may in increase susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections. Occupational overexposure (Manganese) is a
<br />progressive, disabling neurological syndrome that typically begins with relatively mild symptoms and evolves to include altered gait, fine tremor,
<br />and some tiines-psychiatric disturbances. May cause damage to hugs with repeated or prolonged exposure.
<br />• Copper: Inhalation of high concentrations of freshly formed oxide fumes and dusts of copper can cause metal fume fever. Chronic inhalation of
<br />copper dust has caused, in animals, hemolysis of the red blood cells, deposition of hemofuscin in the liver and pancreas, injury to lung cells
<br />gastrointestinal symptoms.
<br />• Molybdenum: Certain handling operations, such as burning and welding, may generate both insoluble molybdenum compounds (metal
<br />and molybdenum dioxide) and soluble molybdenum compounds (molybdenum trioxide). Molybdenum compounds generally exhibit a
<br />low order of toxicity with the trioxide the more toxic. However, some reports indicate that the dust of the molybdenum metal,
<br />molybdenum dioxide and molybdenum trioxide may cause eye, skin, nose and throat irritation in animals. Also has been reported to cause
<br />induction of tumors in experimental animals, suspected of causing cancer. Molybdenum oxide is suspected of causing cancer in humans.
<br />• Silicon: Silicon dusts are a low health risk by inhalation and should be heated as a nuisance dust. Eye contact with pure material can
<br />cause particulate irritation. Skin contact with silicon dusts may cause physical abrasion.
<br />• Aluminum: Chronic inhalation of finely divided powder has been reported to cause pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Repeated skin
<br />contact has been associated with bleeding into the tissue, delayed hypersensitivity and granulomas. Chronic exposure to aluminum flake
<br />has been reported to cause pneumoconiosis in workers. Repeat oral exposure to aluminum results in decrements in neurobehavioral
<br />function and development.
<br />• Vanadium: Is considered non-toxic. Excessive long tern or repeated exposures to vanadium compounds, especially vanadium pentoxide,
<br />may result in chronic pulmonary changes such as emphysema or bronchitis. Vanadium pentoxide is suspected of damaging fertility or the
<br />unborn child. Vanadium pentoxide is fatal if swallowed or inhaled. It causes damage to lungs by single, repeated or prolonged exposure.
<br />• Boron: Boron oxide dusts and fumes may cause upper respiratory tract and eye irritation, dryness of the mouth, nose or throat, and sore
<br />throat and productive cough.
<br />• Tungsten: Tungsten has been shown to act by antagonizing the action of the essential trace element, Molybdenum. Tungsten metal
<br />powder administered to animals has been shown in several studies as not totally inert. One study found that guinea pigs treated orally or
<br />intravenously with tungsten suffered from anorexia, colic, incoordination of movement, trembling, dyspnea and weight loss. Long
<br />industrial experience has indicated no pneumoconiosis to develop among workers exposed solely to tungsten or its insoluble compounds
<br />(at air concentrations of the order of 5 mg/ms). In NIOSH's criteria document, two Russian studies were cited which indicated and
<br />incidence of 9 - 11 % pulmonary fibrosis among employees exposed to tungsten without cobalt co -exposure.
<br />• Titanium: There is no evidence of a health hazard from inhalation of titanium dioxide at airborne concentrations below 10 mg/1113. Rats
<br />(but not mice) exposed to ultrafine TiO2 particles at 10 mg/m3 developed lung tumors; probably results from inhibited particle clearance
<br />from lung. The toxicity of titanium dioxide has been found to be relatively inert. Eye contact with pure material can cause particulate
<br />irritation. Skin contact with titanium dusts may cause physical abrasion Long-term inhalation exposure to high concentrations (over-
<br />exposure) to pneumoconiotic agents may act synergistically with inhalation of oxides, fumes or dusts of this product to cause toxic
<br />effects.
<br />Carcinogenicity: IARC, NTP, and OSHA do not list steel products as carcinogens. IARC identifies nickel and certain nickel compounds and
<br />welding fumes as Group 2B carcinogens that are possibly carcinogenic to humans. ACGIH lists insoluble nickel compounds as confirmed human
<br />carcinogens. IARC lists chromium metal and trivalent chromium compounds as Group 3 carcinogens, not classifiable as to their human
<br />carcinogenicity. Hexavalent chromium compounds are listed by IARC as Group I carcinogens that are carcinogenic to humans. NTP Fourth
<br />Annual report on Carcinogens cites "certain Chromium compounds" as human carcinogens. ACGIH has reviewed the toxicity data and concluded
<br />that chromium metal is not classifiable as a human carcinogen. Medical Conditions Aggravated by Long -Term Exposure: Individuals with chronic
<br />respiratory disorders (i.e., asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, etc.) may be adversely affected by any fume or airborne particulate matter
<br />exposure. SARA Potential Hazard Categories: Immediate Acute Health Hazard; Delayed Chronic Health Hazard
<br />Section
<br />5
<br />Fire and Explosion
<br />Hazard Information
<br />Suitable Extinguishing Media: Not applicable for solid product. Use extinguishers appropriate for surrounding materials. For fine, use a Type -D fire
<br />extinguisher or table salt to control small fires. Stainless steel will generate fine turnings, chips or dust. Warning: May Form Combustible (Explosive) Dust -
<br />Air Mixtures. Keep away from all ignition sources including heat, sparks, and flame. Keep container closed and grounded. Prevent dust accumulations to
<br />minimize explosion hazard.
<br />Specific Hazards arising from the chemical: Not applicable for solid product.
<br />Explosion Hazard: Accumulated metal dust can be combustible. Avoid creating dust.
<br />Rev. Date May - 2015 3 PSM -SDS -SS
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