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Title 22 1/93 <br />the risk of cancer in humans who are exposed at lower levels over <br />long periods of time. DHS has set the enforceable drinking water <br />standard for 1,2-dichloroethane at 0.0005 parts per million (ppm) to <br />reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which have <br />been observed in laboratory animals. Drinking water which meets <br />this standard is associated with little to none of this risk and <br />should be considered safe." <br />For Vinyl chloride. "The California Department of Health <br />Services (DHS) sets drinking water standards and has determined that <br />vinyl chloride is a health concern at certain levels of exposure. <br />This chemical is used in industry and is found in drinking water as <br />a result of the breakdown of related solvents_ The solvents are used <br />as cleaners and degreasers of metals and generally get into drinking <br />water by improper waste disposal. This chemical has been associated <br />with significantly increased risks of cancer among certain <br />industrial workers who were exposed to relatively large amounts of <br />this chemical during their working careers. This chemical has also <br />been shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals when the animals <br />are exposed at high levels over their lifetimes. Chemicals that <br />cause increased risk of cancer among exposed industrial workers and <br />in laboratory animals also may increase the risk of cancer in humans <br />who are exposed at lower levels over long periods of time. DHS has <br />set the enforceable drinking water standard for vinyl chloride at <br />0.0005 part per million (ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or other <br />adverse health effects which have been observed in humans and <br />laboratory animals. Drinking water which meets this standard is <br />associated with little, to none of this risk and should be <br />considered safe." <br />For Benzene. "The California Department of Health <br />Services (DHS) sets drinking water standards and has determined that <br />benzene is a health concern at certain levels of exposure. This <br />chemical is a solvent and degreaser of metals. It is also a major <br />component of gasoline. Drinking water contamination generally <br />results from leaking underground gasoline and petroleum tanks or <br />improper waste disposal. This chemical has been associated with <br />significantly increased risks of leukemia among certain industrial <br />workers who were exposed to relatively large amounts of this <br />chemical during their working careers. This chemical has also been <br />shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals when the animals are <br />exposed at high levels over their lifetimes. Chemicals that cause <br />increased risk of cancer among exposed industrial workers and in <br />laboratory animals also may increase the risk of cancer in humans <br />who are exposed at lower levels over long periods of time. DHS has <br />set the enforceable drinking water standard for benzene at 0.001 <br />parts per million (ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or other <br />adverse health effects which have been observed in humans and <br />laboratory animals. Drinking water which meets this standard is <br />162