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1/93 Title 22 associated with little to none of this risk and should be considered safe."' (f) For 1,1-Dichloroethylene. "The California Department of Health Services (DHS) sets drinking water standards and has determined that 1,1-dichloroethylene is a health concern at certain levels of exposure. This chemical is used in industry and is found in drinking water as a result of the breakdown of related solvents. The solvents are used as cleaners and degreasers of metals and generally get into drinking water by improper waste disposal. This chemical has been shown to cause liver and kidney damage in laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the animals are exposed at high levels over their lifetimes. Chemicals which cause adverse effects in laboratory animals also may cause adverse health effects in humans who are exposed over long periods of time. DHS has set the enforceable drinking water standard for 1,1-dichloroethylene at 0.006 parts per million (ppm) to reduce the risk of these adverse health effects which have been observed in laboratory animals. Drinking water which meets this standard is associated with little to none of this risk and should be considered safe." (g) For para-Dichlorobenzene. "The California Department of Health Services (DHS) sets drinking water standards and has determined para-dichlorobenzene is a health concern at certain levels of exposure. This chemical is a component of deodorizers, moth balls, and pesticides. It generally gets into drinking water by improper waste disposal. This chemical has been shown to cause liver and kidney damage in laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the animals are exposed to high levels over their lifetimes. Chemicals which cause adverse effects in laboratory animals also may cause adverse health effects in humans who are exposed at lower levels over long periods of time. DHS has set the enforceable drinking water standard for para-dichlorobenzene at 0.005 parts per million (ppm) to reduce the risk of these effects which have been observed in laboratory animals. Drinking water which meets this standard is associated with little to none of this risk and should be considered safe." (h) For 1,1,1-Trichloroethane. "The California Department of Health Services (DHS) sets drinking water standards and has determined that the 1,1,1-trichloroethane is a health concern at certain levels of exposure. This chemical is used as a cleaner and degreaser of metals. It generally gets into drinking water by improper waste disposal. This chemical has been shown to damage the liver, nervous system, and circulatory system of laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the animals are exposed at high levels over their lifetimes. Some industrial workers who were exposed to relatively large amounts of this chemical during their working 1 • 163