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3: Hazard Analysis Health and Safety Plan <br />3.4.13 Sunburn <br />Working outdoors with the skin unprotected for extended periods of time can cause sunburn to the <br />skin. Excessive exposure to sunlight is associated with the development of skin cancer. Field staff <br />should take precautions to prevent sunburn by using sunscreen lotion and/or wearing hats and long- <br />sleeved garments. <br />3.4.14 Heat Stress <br />Adverse climate conditions, primarily heat, are important considerations in planning and conducting <br />site operations. Heat-related illnesses range from heat fatigue to heat stroke, with heat stroke being <br />the most serious condition. The effects of ambient temperature can cause physical discomfort, loss <br />of efficiency, and personal injury, and can increase the probability of accidents. In particular, <br />protective clothing that decreases the body's ventilation can be an important factor leading to heat- <br />related illnesses. <br />To reduce the possibility of heat-related illness, workers should drink plenty of fluids and establish a <br />work schedule that will provide sufficient rest periods for cooling down. Personnel shall maintain <br />an adequate supply of non-caffeinated drinking fluids on site for personal hydration. Workers <br />should be aware of signs and symptoms of heat-related illnesses, as well as first aid for these <br />conditions. These are summarized in the table below. <br />Condition Signs Symptoms Response <br />Heat Rash or Prickly Heat Red rash on skin. Intense itching and <br />inflammation. <br />Increase fluid intake and observe affected <br />worker. <br />Heat Cramps Heavy sweating, lack <br />of muscle <br />coordination. <br />Muscle spasms, and <br />pain in hands, feet, or <br />abdomen. <br />Increase fluid uptake and rest periods. <br />Closely observe affected worker for more <br />serious symptoms. <br />Heat Exhaustion Heavy sweating; pale, <br />cool, moist skin; lack <br />of coordination; <br />fainting, <br />Weakness, headache, <br />dizziness, nausea. <br />Remove worker to a cool, shady area. <br />Administer fluids and allow worker to rest <br />until fully recovered. Increase rest periods <br />and closely observe worker for additional <br />signs of heat exhaustion. If symptoms of <br />heat exhaustion recur, treat as above and <br />release worker from the day's activities <br />after he/she has fully recovered. <br />3-11