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Site Health and Safety Plan Page 31 <br />Table 3 Summary of Cold Related Injuries and First Aid Response <br /> <br />Condition Signs and Symptoms Response <br />Trench Foot Symptoms usually <br />consist of tingling, <br />itching or burning <br />sensation. <br />Blisters may be present. <br />Soak feet in warm water, then wrap with dry cloth <br />bandages. Drink a warm, sugary drink. <br />Frostbite The affected body part <br />will be cold, tingling, <br />stinging or aching followed by numbness. <br />Skin color turns red, then purple, then white, and is cold to the <br />touch. There may be blisters in severe cases. <br />Do not rub the area to warm it. Wrap the area in a <br />soft cloth, move the worker to a warm area, and <br />contact medical personnel. Do not leave the <br />worker alone. If help is delayed, immerse in warm <br />(maximum 105°F), not hot, water. Do not pour <br />water on affected part. If there is a chance that the <br />affected part will get cold again do not warm. <br />Warming and re-cooling will cause severe tissue <br />damage. <br />Mild <br />Hypothermia <br />The person may begin <br />to shiver and stomp <br />their feet in order to <br />generate heat. <br />Workers may lose <br />coordination, have <br />slurred speech, and <br />fumble with items in <br />the hand. The skin will <br />likely be pale and cold. <br />Remove to worker to warm area and instruct to <br />stay active. Allow worker to remove wet clothes <br />and replace with dry clothes or blankets and to <br />cover the head. To promote metabolism and <br />assist in raising internal core temperature <br />administer warm (not hot) sugary drink. Avoid <br />drinks with caffeine. Closely observe affected <br />worker for more serious symptoms. <br />Severe <br />Hypothermia <br />Mild hypothermia symptoms will worsen and shivering will stop. <br />Workers may be unable <br />to walk or stand; the <br />person may become unconscious. <br />Immediately contact emergency medical services <br />by dialing emergency medical services. In addition <br />to mild hypothermia responses above, cover all <br />extremities completely, place very warm objects, <br />such as hot packs or water bottles on the victim's <br />head, neck, chest and groin. Arms and legs should <br />be warmed last. Treat the worker very gently and <br />do not apply external heat to re- warm. Hospital <br />treatment is required. Carefully follow instructions <br />given by emergency medical services until help <br />arrives.