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Aquifer Testing Standard Operating Procedure SWE-FSOP-500,•Revision 0 Ahtna Southwest Environmental Operations Specific Capacity Test. Short-term single-well pumping test useful in highly transmissive units which preclude slug testing. Specific Yield (Sy)-The ratio of the volume of water that saturated soil or rock will yield under gravity per unit volume of the saturated soil or rock. Specific yield is dimensionless. Step-drawdown test. Test to estimate well performance, determine a sustainable optimum pumping rate for the well,and estimate aquifer properties,well loss,and well efficiency.The test is conducted by pumping the well at several successively higher rates and measuring the corresponding water level drawdown. Storage Coefficient or Storativity(S) -The volume of water an aquifer releases from or takes into storage per unit area of aquifer, per unit change in head.The storage coefficient is dimensionless. Submersible Pump. A positive-displacement pump is used to pump groundwater to the surface. Transmissivity(T)-A quantitative measure of the ability of an aquifer to transmit water. It is the product of hydraulic conductivity and saturated thickness (K x b). Unconfined Aquifer-An aquifer in which the water table forms the upper boundary. Water Level -The position of the air-water interface in a well.The water level is usually measured as the depth to the water from a measuring point (such as the top of the outer protective well casing) by using a weighted measuring tape or electric sounder. Water Table-The saturated zone surface at which the pore water pressure equals atmospheric pressure. The water table is the same as the potentiometric surface for an unconfined aquifer. Wellhead Flow Meter- A meter installed in the water discharge line near the wellhead to measure the discharge (in volume/time) of water by the mechanical pump and controlled by the flow regulator. 2.0 Relevant Documents This SOP focuses on the aquifer testing tasks and applications and should be used in conjunction with other applicable SOPS, including the following: Standard Operating Procedures • SWE-FSOP-001, Field Documentation • SWE-FSOP-101, Water Quality Measurements • SWE-FSOP-102, Groundwater and NAPL Measurements • SWE-FSOP-602, Groundwater Well Development • SWE-FSOP-801, Equipment Decontamination • SWE-FSOP-802, IDW Management Field Forms • SWE-FFRM-406, Aquifer Constant Rate Test • SWE-FFRM-407, Aquifer Step Rate Test • SWE-FFRM-501, Water Level/NAPL Measurements • SWE-FFRM-801, Equipment Calibration Page 6 of 17