COMPLIANCE INFO_FINAL INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION 5/25

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North County Recycling Center and Sanitary Landfill Permit Revision Project Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration · San Joaquin County | May 2025 19 REGULATORY SETTING Federal and State Regulations The Clean Air Act was laid out by Congress in 1970, and major revisions were made in 1977 and again in 1990. The Clean Air Act is implemented by the United States EPA , who is responsible for establishing and reviewing the NAAQS and judging the adequacy of State Implementation Plans to attain the NAAQS. A State Implementation Plan must integrate federal, state, and local plan components and regulations to identify specific measures to reduce pollution in nonattainment areas, using a combination of performance standards and market-based programs. In 1988, California passed the California Clean Air Act (California Health and Safety Code sections 39600 et seq.), which is implemented by CARB. CARB is responsible for establishing and reviewing the CAAQS, developing and managing the State Implementation Plan, identifying TACs, and overseeing the activities of regional air quality management districts. To achieve the CAAQS, criteria air pollutant emissions are managed through control measures that are described in regional air quality plans as well as by emission limitations placed on permitted stationary sources. In California, mobile emissions sources (e.g., construction equipment, trucks, automobiles) are regulated by CARB, and stationary emissions sources (e.g., industrial facilities) are regulated by the regional air quality management districts. In 2016, the EPA established two regulations — the New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) for new landfills and the Emission Guidelines for existing landfills — aimed at reducing methane emissions from landfill gas. The Emissions Guidelines require the installation of an LFG collection and control system at municipal solid waste landfills that exceed a specified design capacity and NMOC emission threshold. These federal requirements are regulated under local air district rules. Similarly, at the State level, CARB adopted the Landfill Methane Regulation in 2010, which requires municipal solid waste landfills to reduce methane and other air pollutant emissions through emissions monitoring and capturing fugitive methane emissions. Regional Regulations The project is located in the SJVAB, which is under the jurisdiction of the Valley Air District. The Valley Air District has adopted several air quality attainment plans for particulate matter and ozone over the years that identify measures needed in the SJVAB to attain NAAQS. The Valley Air District has implemented these plans and adopted nearly 650 rules that have resulted in significant emissions reductions. Specific rules applicable to the proposed project include the following: • Rule 2201 (New and Modified Stationary Source Review Rule). This rule, also known as New Source Review, applies to all new stationary sources and all modifications to existing stationary sources which are subject to the Valley Air District permit requirements and after construction emit or may emit one or more regulated pollutants (e.g. criteria air pollutants and precursors). This rule requires new and modified stationary sources to mitigate emissions using Best Available Control Technology and to offset emissions when estimated emissions are above specified thresholds. Valley Air District implementation of New Source Review ensures that there is no net increase in emissions above specified thresholds from new and modified Stationary Sources for all nonattainment pollutants and their precursors.