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Each of the processes and wastes are further discussed below. 4.1 Experimental Eouipment with Lead Shielding - Renair/Upgrade and Removal Site 2010 quantity (lb) SLAC 3,903 1 terials:ntal Debris with RCRA Lead t from Experimental Equip. Off-sitegrade or L Repair/Upgrade and disposal containing Removal (CWC 181) ad F FIGURE 111.5.1. EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT REPAIRS/UPGRADES AND REMOVALS WASTE GENERATION PROCESS Hazardous Waste and Process Description Equipment that uses lead shielding in various forms was dismantled, resulting in lead contaminated debris. While this waste stream may appear to be routine for SLAC, much of it constitutes legacy waste in the form of shielding that was in place over a period of several years and is now be removed because of discontinuation of certain experiments. The lead is not readily recyclable because it was used in a radiologically controlled area and is not readily recyclable under DOE requirements. Lead is essential to many experiments at SLAC to ensure that workers, the public and the environment are not exposed to unsafe levels of radiation. SLAC is committed to ALARA, i.e., seeing that radiation exposure is As Low As Reasonably Achievable. Shielding is an important part of ALARA and lead is an essential shielding material in spite of its health hazards. Much of the lead waste generated at SLAC is from cleanup of old experimental areas that are being reused or demolished. Hazardous Waste Management Alternatives Lead contamination occurs from the oxidation of lead shielding. Where feasible, SLAC tries to coat new lead shielding installations when there is no increased radiological hazards resulting from the coating. Over the long term, this waste stream will continue to exist, but it is expected that the quantities of waste generated will decrease over time, due to continuous improvements in reducing environmental impacts from this material, e.g., better storage and containment procedures and coatings where feasible. SOURCE REDUCTION/POLLUTION PREVENTION EVALUATION Description of Measure: SLAC implements good waste segregation activities, where feasible, to reduce mixing non -hazardous waste with hazardous waste. Over time, this waste stream can vary from year to year, depending on the need to demolish or decommission older experimental facilities. Where feasible, SLAC tries to reuse lead where technically feasible and in conformance with ALARA and safety and health requirements. In some situations, SLAC may consider using alternative materials for shielding other than lead; however, such situations have to be considered on a case-by-case basis. No other source reduction measures are being considered or recommended. September 1, 2011 SB14 Plan 26 September 1, 2011 SB 14 Plan 27