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aUTORCY= GASOLINE 65-22 <br /> Tests for ceratogenic ity induced by the inhalation of unleaded <br /> gasoline gave negative results. No additional details were -reported <br /> (2228) <br /> 65.3.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects <br /> 65.3.1.4.1 Shorr-Term Toxicity <br /> Gasolines generally act as anesthetics. They are also mucous <br /> membrane irritants (2) . An oral LDao of 13.6 g/kg was reported in the <br /> rat for unleaded gasoline. A single dose of 18 g/kg produced 90% <br /> mortality. A significant degree of gastrointestinal distress was L , <br /> observed. Necropsy revealed hemorrhagic gastroenteritis. gastro- <br /> intestinal tympani and pneumonia with abscess formation (1924) . <br /> Acute anesthetic and toxic effects of gasoline vapors were studied -� <br /> as early as 1921 in dogs. Central nervous system effects were observed <br /> at approximately 10,000 ppm, and death at about 25.000 ppm (2290) . <br /> Toxicity of a gasoline component mixture was evaluated in a <br /> short-term inhalation study performed by Halder tj al. (2292). A blend :_j <br /> consisting of 25% (w/w) each of n-butane, n-pentane, isobutane and <br /> isopentame was vaporized to more closely approximate ambient exposure <br /> (in contrast to complete volatilization) . Rats exposed to 44, 432 or <br /> 4437 ppm, of vapor for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 3 weeks <br /> showed no clinical signs of distress. No gross or histopathologic <br /> lesions were noted. including in the kidneys. All other parameters of <br /> body and organ weights, hematology or blood chemistry were within <br /> normal range. <br /> Studies on the acute effects of gasoline ingestion by rats <br /> revealed nephrotoxicity in male rats. Both unleaded gasoline (2291) <br /> and shale-derived distillate fuel (2294) caused reversible hyaline <br /> droplet formation (protein resorption) in the kidneys. This effect was <br /> believed due to a hydrocarbon-induced defect in the degradation of <br /> 4 <br /> renal aZ -globulin, a protein synthesized in the liver and excreted in ; <br /> urine, Ad was obvious after a single administration of as little as 2 <br /> mL/kg gasoline (2291) . Over a three day period. hepatic lesions and <br /> alterations in serum chemistry and hematology were noted. By fourteen <br /> days, .lymphoid depletions in the thymus was observed, as was congestion <br /> of multiple organs (2294) . <br /> Unleaded motor gasoline was slightly irritating to the shaved skin <br /> of New Zealand rabbits after a 24 hour dermal exposure cc 0.5 mL. In a <br /> subacute dermal study, doses of 2.5 to 8 mL/kg were applied daily for a ; <br /> total of 10 days. No mortality was seen. Severe dermal irritation and <br /> weight loss were observed. Necropsy revealed pale and congested livers <br /> and kidneys (1924) . *_ <br /> Gasoline containing tetraethyl lead caused no more injury than <br /> gasoline alone when applied to rabbit eyes. A single drop applied <br /> without local anesthetic caused discomfort and blepharospasm lasting <br /> 6/87 - <br /> ', <br />