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��onv� caSOlsxE � <br /> 65-23 <br /> I� <br /> several mintitas. The, conjunctiva bacame mildly hyperemic but rapidly <br /> raturned co normal. Ten drops a lied a 5 mine=rte <br /> P PP during per- .; (after <br /> -local anesthesia) caused hlepbarospasm Lasting 15 minute_ The I <br /> a conjunctiva became moderately edematous and hyperemic but reco-- -7was <br /> i <br /> { Prompt and complete (19) . <br /> P <br /> 65.3.1.4.2 Chronic Toxicity <br /> To evaluate. the Long-term effects of gasoline inhaja ion, tats and <br /> monkays were exposed to either 284 or 1552 ppsa unleaded gasoline vapors k <br /> or 103 and 374 ppm leaded gasoline vapor 6 hours per day, 5 days per <br /> I weak,: for 90 days (2290). Although vomitlmg was noted in eartain <br /> monkeys after 2 weeks exposure, no remarkable changes in body weight, <br /> hematology. or CUS responses were noted in either species. Iaad <br /> deposition in the liver, kidney, brain and blood were observed in those <br /> animals traaced with leaded gasoline. Upon histopathologic <br /> 'f examination, male rats exposed to 1352 ppm unleaded gasoline displayed <br /> regenerative epithelium and dilated tubules in the kidney. <br /> I <br /> Pulmonary changes in rats exposed to leaded gasoline vapor were <br /> raviewed by Cooper (2296). Changes in mala rats ranged from minor foci <br /> of interstitial fibrosis to widespread sclerosis after 6 weeks exposure <br /> to 100 ppm. After eight weeks, tsehypnea and prostration ware evidanz. <br /> i <br /> Such obsarvations were confirmed in female rats similarly exposed. <br /> { Ultrastructural changes emerged sequentially as degeneration, <br /> s ., hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia and finally davelopment of interstitial <br /> I sclerosis and irregular alveolar collapse. A number of these changes <br /> are though= related to the fact that gasoline vapor inhalation caused a <br /> { decrease in pulmonary surfactant. Surfactant. functioning to daeraasa <br /> surface tansion and stabilize surfata forces. was reduced after only 5 <br /> { days exposure. <br /> speaced exposure of albino rabbits ayes cc gasoline vapor levels <br /> jof 3 cWL air daily for 10 months has been reported to cause <br /> histologically recognizable disturbances of the corneal and <br /> conjuncsi4ai epithelium. Exposure to a vapor Level of 616 ppm of a <br /> Ce-Cie fraction of a high oc=ane motor foal induced cataracts in 70% of <br /> exposed rats. Exposures was for a total of 2424 hours. The petroleums <br /> fraction was composed mainly of alkyl benzenes. Tt contained no <br /> naphthalene. a known inducer of cataracts in anfm:ls (19). <br /> Other changes seen in mulma1• <br /> g after chronic gasoline inhalation , <br /> include a depression in body weight in rats and mice. a reduction in <br /> ' - the incidence of cystic or enlarged uteri of female mice, and mild <br /> multifocal, dose-related pulmonary inflammation in rats (2298). <br /> i 65.3'.2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies i <br /> I <br /> �3 <br /> Before reviewing cha adverse effects of gasoline on humans. it is <br /> important to rota that human exposure is considerably different from <br /> �- that used in animal studies. Due cc the differential volatility of tate <br /> r, <br /> hydrocarbon compounds present in gasoline. the vapor produced under <br /> E <br /> 6/87 <br /> f. <br /> }L <br />