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EXTOXNET PIP- CAPTAN Page 2 o . Reproductive effects: Pregnant mice exposed by inhalation to high doses of captan for 4 hours a day during days to 15 of gestation showed significant mortality or weight loss. Fetal mortality accompanied these effects. Mice fe( 50 mg/kg/day over three generations reproduced normally. Captan is unlikely to cause reproductive effects in humans at usual levels of exposure [6,8]. . Teratogenic effects: Teratogenicity studies with rats, rabbits, hamsters, and dogs have given both negative and positive results. However, the weight of evidence suggests that captan does not produce birth defects [16]. . Mutagenic effects: Although captan was mutagenic in some laboratory tests on isolated tissue cultures, the majority of evidence indicates that captan is nonmutagenic [16]. . Carcinogenic effects: There is strong evidence that captan causes cancer in female mice and in male rats at high doses. In addition, captan is chemically similar to two other pesticides, folpet and captafol, that have been shown produce cancer in test animals. Tumors were associated with the gastrointestinal tract and, to a lesser degree, with the kidneys. Tumors appeared in the test animals at doses of about 300 mg/kg/day [6,8]. . Organ toxicity: Most organ-specific effects are found in the kidneys of rats at and above doses of 100 mg/kg/day . Fate in humans and animals: Studies in several animal species have shown that captan is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is rapidly metabolized. Residues are excreted primarily in the urine. Rats given capta orally excreted a third in the feces and half in the urine within 24 hours. A cow fed small amounts in its diet for 4 days had no captan in the milk at a 0.01 mg/L detection limit, nor could any be detected in the urine at a 0.1 mg/L detection limit [6]. Ecological Effects: . Effects on birds: Captan is practically nontoxic to birds. The LD50 is greater than 5000 mg/kg in mallard ducks and pheasants. The LD50 is 2000 to 4000 mg/kg in bobwhite quail [11. High doses administered for 90 days to chickens caused an 80% reduction in the number of eggs produced,but had no effect on the fertility or hatchabilit of the eggs produced [6]. . Effects on aquatic organisms: Captan is very highly toxic to fish. The LC50 (96-hour) for technical captan rang( from 0.056 mg/L in cutthroat trout and chinook salmon to 0.072 mg/L in bluegill [1]. The LC50 for captan in the aquatic invertebrate Daphnia magna is 7 to 10 mg/L, indicating that the compound is moderately toxic to this and other aquatic invertebrates [8]. Captan has a low to moderate tendency to accumulate in living tissue. Fish expose, for 3 days to concentrations which would be expected in a pond following treatment of an adjacent watershed at a rate of 1 lb/acre, had no detectable residues of captan [6]. Estimates of the bioconcentration factor range from 10 t 1000 [9]. . Effects on other organisms: Captan is not toxic to bees when used as directed [1]. Environmental Fate: . Breakdown in soil and groundwater: Captan has a low persistence in soil, with a half-life of 1 to 10 days in mo: soil environments [6]. Captan was not detected in field studies of its mobility at application rates of up to 42 kg active ingredient per hectare [9]. . Breakdown in water: Captan is rapidly degraded in near neutral water. Half-lives of 23 to 54 hours and 1 to 7 hours have been reported at various acidities and temperatures [6]. The effective residual life in water is 2 weeks [15]. . Breakdown in vegetation: Captan is taken up through leaves and roots and translocated throughout the plant. Residual fungitoxicity remains for 23 days after application on potato leaves, but residues were below the detectio limit within 40 days after application [6]. Some varieties of apples,pears, lettuce seeds, celery, and tomato seeds may be injured by captan at high doses [1]. Physical Properties: ittp:Hextoxnet.orst.edu/pips/captan.htm 7/2/201