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Quantity and Quality of Domestic Wastewater Two homes are currently located on the Site. According to Ms. Nihad, the smaller house on Parcel 1 has two bedrooms, while the main house on Parcel 2 has four bedrooms. No new construction is anticipated at this time. Crites and Tchobanoglous (1998) list a typical flow rate of 50 to 70 gallons per person per day for an individual residence. The San Joaquin County Enviromental Health Department has indicated that maximum flow and double occupancy within each bedroom should be considered for the nitrate loading assessment; as a result, a value of 140 gallons per bedroom per day has been selected (personal communication, January 6, 2017). The estimated flow values discussed here should not be used for the design and sizing of the septic system. The design and sizing of the septic system should utilize the San Joaquin County Environmental Health Department's On-Site Wastewater Treatment Systems Standards (2017) which incorporate peak and surge flow factors. The estimates used in the On-Site Wastewater Treatment Systems Standards may be greater than those discussed here. For Parcel 1, based on two bedrooms total at 140 gallons per bedroom per day, the maximum average daily flow for the parcel was estimated to be 280 gallons per day (9pd). For Parcel 2, based on four bedrooms total at 140 gallons per bedroom per day, the maximum average daily flow for the parcel was estimated to be 560 gallons per day (gpd). A typical residential concentration of 35 mg/L of nitrate as N was selected (Crites and Tchobanoglous, 1998). Denitrification Reductions Denitrification is a process that occurs in the septic system drain field whereby certain bacteria oxidize the nitrate (NO3) in the waste water and release nitrogen gas (N2) to the atmosphere. Due to the biologic processes in the shallow soils, nitrogen in the drain field may undergo a reduction between 10 percent to 35 percent. Soils with higher clay content, moist soil conditions, high pH, and organic material denitrify by about 35 percent, and soils with high sand content and fast percolation rates tend to denitrify at a lower rate of about 10 percent. The soil on the Site was found to be silty clay to a depth of 3.37 feet. A denitrification factor of 35 percent was selected for the Site because of the fine-grained shallow soil encountered. LOGE 1916 Page 8