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r .. Working To Restore Nature <br /> <i 6.1.1 Passive Remediation <br /> Passive remediation involves no active remediation. Petroleum hydrocarbons are <br /> .;, reduced through natural biodegradation,volatilization or dispersion. Passive remediation <br /> is often utilized in conjunction with a surface cap to prevent leaching of contaminants <br /> into the groundwater. <br /> :I 6.1.2 "Hot Spot" Excavation <br /> This remediation alternative involves excavation of soils in identified areas of <br /> contaminated "hot spots". Once excavated, the soils can be disposed of by surface <br /> landfilling or above ground bioremediation. This alternative is cost efficient only if"hot <br /> spot" areas can be identified and delineated. <br /> 6.1.3 In-Situ Enhanced Bioremediation <br /> This remediation involves the stimulation of microflora or bacteria to degrade <br /> hydrocarbons. Stimulation of the microbes is typically achieved by introduction of <br /> nutrients and oxygen through shallow injection wells or trenches. This alternative is <br /> most effective in shallow, permeable soils with relatively volatile contaminants. <br /> 6.2 Groundwater <br /> The following groundwater remediation alternatives are discussed in this section: <br /> O Passive Remediation <br /> o In-Situ Enhanced Bioremediation <br /> o Free Product Removal with Groundwater Extraction <br /> 6.2.1 Passive Remediation <br /> Passive remediation involves monitoring of groundwater to determine whether natural <br /> biodegradation, volatilization, or dispersion of petroleum hydrocarbons is occurring. <br /> ! The effectiveness of passive remediation is indicated by a decrease in benzene and/or <br /> TPH concentrations in groundwater through time. <br /> REPORTS/PAR1093.FNL 9 <br /> . J <br />