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been open to the atmosphere . Because of the low levels original- <br /> ly measured and the attenuation of concentrations resulting from <br /> volatilization, the exposures and consequent risks associated <br /> with these soils are negligible. <br /> Small concentrations of hydrocarbon constituents (other than <br /> benzene) were detected in the ground water beneath the Stockton <br /> site. 'There is significant utilization of ground water in the <br /> vicinity of the site, including potable uses. In August 1987, <br /> the concentrations of benzene, toluene and xylene in five domes- <br /> tic wells within 0.25 mile of the site were below the MCL and <br /> MCLGs for drinking water (Table 6) . Thus, the site was not the <br /> source of unacceptable risks at that time . However, a ground- <br /> water model for contaminant transport predicts that in three <br /> years the steady-state concentration in the nearest well might be <br /> as high as 0.036 mg/L benzene and 0.0005 mg/L toluene. While the <br /> benzene concentration predicted by the model is above the MCL, <br /> ithe actual level is expected to be lower by virtue of unmodeled <br /> effects of sorption, biodegradatiun, and volatilization. <br /> One major uncertainty in the ground-water modeling concerns the <br /> rate of transport of contaminants through the clay layers over <br /> the water table into the shallow ground water. This rate may <br /> well be so l,)w that contaminant concentrations in ground water <br /> directly beneath the former tank pit will decrease rapidly with <br /> time. <br /> In any case, the fact that benzene has not appeared in any nearby <br /> receptor well at detectable levels (>0.0005 mg/L) suggests that <br /> attenuating mechanisms have caused a major reduction of contamin- <br /> ation--at least 10 times as much as modeled above with RESSQ. <br /> For this reason, the risk associated with continued ground-water <br /> transport of hydrocarbon contaminants from beneath the site is <br /> considered to be -very low, if not negligible. - <br /> 23 <br />