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Groundwater Sampling Protocol Prior to sampling each selected groundwater monitoring well, Paragon gauges depth to groundwater to the nearest one hundredth of a foot from the top of the riser pipe or road box using an electronic water level indicator. Using depth to water information, diameter of the well, and total depth, we calculate the volume of standing water in the well. We then generally lower the bailer half its length past the top of the water table and collect a water sample for visual and olfactory examination. We specifically check for product odor, sheen, emulsion, and separate- phase product. Paragon typically uses either a dedicated disposable polyethylene bailer or a peristaltic pump with dedicated polyethylene tubing to remove 3-5 well volumes of water from the well, collecting the purge water into a dedicated sample collection bucket or similar container. However, we may use a larger capacity down-hole well pump if Site conditions warrant, as is the case with unusually large diameter or deep water column wells. We may also use a dedicated or pre-cleaned inertial pump (check valve) and dedicated polyethylene tubing in unusually small diameter wells. Provided the well has a sufficiently fast recharge rate, we wait until the water column recharges to 80-90% of its original volume before obtaining samples from the monitoring well. Paragon collects groundwater samples in appropriate containers as specified by the selected method of analysis using the same dedicated bailer, peristaltic pump and tubing, or inertial pump and tubing. We do not use centrifugal pumps for sampling. We collect samples in new or pre- cleaned sample containers, pre-preserved if required. We clearly label each container and keep it chilled between 0-4°C (32-39°F) in a sample cooler until its delivery to the laboratory under standard chain-of-custody procedures.