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4 <br /> -The concentration Csb was estimated using the Foster and Chrostowski (1986) shower <br /> volatilization model. The model treats volatilization as a first order process. , The <br /> release of contaminant mass'from the water used for showering depends on a number ' <br /> of factors that include, but are not limited to, the amount of water consumed, <br /> contaminant concentration in the water at the shower head, the volatility of the <br /> chemical, and the size of the droplets. The model assumes: <br /> • No exchange of air with the outside or the remaining portion of the house <br /> occurs. This assumption would tend to over estimate the shower-air t <br /> concentrations. <br /> •_ The model assumes complete and instantaneous mixing of air with the <br /> volatile emissions in the shower stall. <br /> Table .4-5 lists the input requirements used for the shower model for all receptors. <br /> 4.4.3.3 Dermal Absorption During Bathing/Showering <br /> During showers and baths, humans may absorb dissolved contaminants in groundwater <br /> across the skin into the bloodstream. The dose to humans by this route is computed as <br /> an absorbed dose rather than as an administered dose (or intake). The dose depends <br /> upon the absorption characteristics of the chemical, the surface area of skin contact with <br /> the water, and the duration of the bath or shower: <br /> Dabs = Ca, SA PC ET / BW <br /> Dabs = dermal absorbed dose (mg/Kg-d) <br /> CW = concentration of chemicals in water (mg/L) <br /> SA = Exposed skin surface area (cm2) <br /> PC = chemical-specific skin permeability constant (cm/hr) <br /> ET = bath or shower duration (hr/day) <br /> BW = body weight (kg) <br /> Table 4-4 lists values for chemical specific skin .permeability constants from EPA's <br /> Dermal Exposure Assessment Guidance Manual (1992). <br /> SALDOYELLO.RP'f May 4, 1995 4-11 <br />