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LFR Inc. indicate that sufficient substrate is available. TIC can be measured as an indicator of organic carbon that has been degraded to inorganic by-products. • VOC concentrations in groundwater monitoring wells. Existing groundwater monitoring wells and proposed groundwater monitoring wells will be monitored for changes in Hazardous Substances concentrations over time. • Mass Flux. The most direct method to estimate decreases in source `strength' involves capturing the entire plume using one or more extraction wells pumping at a continuous rate. By analyzing steady-state concentrations and flows, the plume load (i.e., GWETS mass removed in pounds per day) can be calculated directly. This approach is extremely applicable to the Site since there is an existing hydraulic containment system in place and the necessary data are already being collected monthly as part of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) compliance monitoring activities. Changes in plume load will be monitored over time. 4.4 Estimated Costs to Implement the Phase V IRA Pursuant to Section XI.A.4 of the Amended First Final Consent Decree, an engineering cost estimate was prepared to predict the capital costs and long-term monitoring costs for implementing the Phase V IRA at Lincoln Center. Capital costs typically include initial expenditures such as permitting, equipment and materials purchase, and construction costs. Operations and maintenance (O&M) costs are typically long-term expenditures that are incurred each year to keep the system operating, or in the case of the ERD remedy, to monitor the performance of the ERD injection event to assess the need for future injections. O&M costs typically include costs for utilities, maintenance, parts, labor, monitoring, and reporting. It should be noted that this is a planning-level cost estimate with an accuracy of approximately ± 20%. The actual costs will be determined once bids have been obtained from qualified contractors. The estimated capital costs for the Phase V IRA are approximately $590,000, and the estimated annual O&M costs are approximately $50,000 per year (see the following table). The actual length of time the Phase V IRA system will be monitored and/or need for additional injection events will depend on the effectiveness of the ERD system and the required cleanup levels, which will ultimately be determined during development of the final remedial actions at the Site. Page 28 wp-PhV_IPA-Sc 07-Fina1-O6750.dm:1fi