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Kennedy/Jenks Consultants Section 1: Introduction 1.1 Introduction and Objective Kennedy/Jenks Consultants (Kennedy/Jenks) has prepared this Groundwater Investigation Work Plan (Work Plan) on behalf of Barrel Ten Quarter Circle Land Company, Inc. (BTQCLC) for the winery facility (Facility) located at 21801 Highway 120, Escalon, California, in San Joaquin County. The Work Plan was developed in response to a letter from the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Central Valley Region (CRWQCB), dated 14 February 2006. The letter stated that staff believes background groundwater quality has been defined by monitoring well MW-1; however, if BTQCLC wants to demonstrate that groundwater quality beneath the land application area is being impacted by an offsite source, they should initiate investigations. The Work Plan is also part of BTQCLC's ongoing effort to respond to Cease and Desist Order (CDO) No. R5-2003-0125, which was issued by the CRWQCB in 2003 as a result of groundwater quality degradation observed at the facility. BTQCLC previously submitted a Vadose Zone Lysimeter and Groundwater Monitoring Well Installation Work Plan (dated 1 October 2005) in response to the CDO. The CRWQCB's responses (dated 14 October 2005, 24 October 2005 and 14 November 2005) expressed concerns that the proposed monitoring well locations were not far enough from the land application areas to justify an upgradient designation. Notwithstanding, BTQCLC implemented the Vadose Zone Lysimeter and Groundwater Monitoring Well Installation Work Plan. Initial monitoring results from two new wells have been inconclusive with respect to the upgradient determination. The objective of this Work Plan is to specify tasks to further characterize onsite and offsite groundwater quality, upgradient and downgradient of the Facility, and to evaluate whether offsite sources are present that may have impacted groundwater beneath the Facility. Collection of offsite groundwater quality data will be necessary to conduct a more definitive analysis of upgradient versus downgradient water quality. An inter-well statistical test, such as an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, will be used to provide a measure of statistical significance of the apparent differences between upgradient and downgradient water quality around the land application area (LAA); this will contribute to evaluation of the degree of influence that land application treatment and disposal of winery process water may have on groundwater quality. Based on the existing information, Kennedy/Jenks does not believe that a groundwater mound has developed at the depth of first encountered groundwater, about 50 feet below ground surface (bgs). Evidence of a fairly contiguous hard pan clay at 5 to 10 feet bgs and its confining effects on downward infiltration of fluids in the vadose zone could mean that significant evaporation and treatment are occurring. We note that vadose zone fluids could have penetrated the shallow hardpan layer over time and migrated to first encountered groundwater, but considering the potential residence time in the soil, we believe the current groundwater quality is more likely a reflection of past agricultural irrigation and LAA practices. Groundwater Investigation Work Plan Page 1 Barrel Ten Quarter Circle Winery, Escalon, California gGs-groupladrNnyob1031030118.08_barrelten100-reportslgw invest wrk phtextdoc